Contribuição ao conhecimento Químico de plantas do Nordeste: Caesalpinia ferrea (Leguminosae)

Abstract

This work describe the phytochemical investigation of pods and stems of specie Caesalpinia ferrea (Leguminosae) known as “jucá”. Popularly, this plant is used as antirheumatic, antimicrobial and among other uses. The hexane and ethanol extracts to pods and stems of C. ferrea were submitted to column chromatography having silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 as stationary phase that led to the isolation of four compounds of the type polyphenol: {gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxy-benzoic acid), ellagic acid (4,4', 5,5', 6,6'-hexahydroxydifênico-2,6,2',6'-dilactone), amentoflavone (8-[5-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-chromene-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)) chromen-4-one and resveratrol (trans-3,5,4’ trihydroxystilbene)}; a mixture consisting of a steroid { -sitosterol(24-etilcolest-5-en-3 -ol) and two fatty acids [palmitic acid (nhexadecanoic) and stearic acid (n-octadecanoic acid)]}; another mixture consisting of the triterpenes [Lupeol (Lup-20(29)-en-3 -ol) and -amyrin (olean-12-en-3 -ol), steroid 24-metilenocicloartanol (3 -9,19 Ciclolanostan-3-ol-24-methylene) and lignoceric alcohol (n-tetracosonol). The characterization of the chemical components involved the use 1H and 13C NMR (1D and 2D), IR, GC-MS-EI e HPLC-MS-ESI. The extracts of pods and some of its fractions were submitted in test of the antioxidant activities and antiacetylcholinesterase with promising results. The bi-flavonoid, phytoalexin and components of mixtures mentioned are first reported in the literature to C. ferrea.