Transtornos mentais em pacientes portadores de HIV: um estudo de prevalência e fatores associados

Abstract

The frequent association between mental disorders and infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can relate to risk factors, namely: greater exposure to HIV that some of these disorders entail; life circumstances often associated with the diagnosis of infection; reaction to the diagnosis; the HIV infection itself. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of mental disorders (depression, bipolar disorder, psychosis, generalized anxiety disorder and abuse / dependence substances) and their associated factors. We evaluated 257 patients from four clinics specialized in Fortaleza between September 2014 and April 2015. We used the questionnaire Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to identify the prevalence of these disorders. 29.2% prevalence have been identified for depression, 7.0% for bipolar disorder type II, 4.7% for bipolar disorder type I, 2.3% for panic disorder, 14% for generalized anxiety disorder, 10, 1% for abuse / dependence alcohol, 7.8% for use of non-alcoholic substances, 0.4% for abuse / dependence of non-alcoholic substances and 10.5% for psychotic syndrome. Factors related to disorders were: sex; marital status; income; education; the fact that it is currently working; the condition of being homeless; the situation has been con; the fact being admitted and be receiving treatment for mental disorder; the condition of being admitted with HIV; adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and CD4. In the study we found higher prevalence of mental disorders than those found in the general population. It was observed that the lighter disorders (anxiety and depression) were underdiagnosed and undertreated for the most severe disorders (bipolar I type disorder and psychosis).