Análise da sustentabilidade do programa reforma agrária solidária: o caso do Ceará

Abstract

The Brazilian Agrarian Reform was and still being the possible dream for workers who needs the mother land for their survival, their live and happiness. On the same way, the Agrarian Reform has been used as a powerful arm from administrators of this country, with the compromise to do it, in their government plans, in the last four decades, as a strategy to attract sympathy of the society compromised with Agrarian Reform and of those who needs the land for their live and to gain their survival. Various land redistribution policies have been adopted along the last three decades; however did not resolve the land concentration problem. According with studies of Professor Rodolfo Huffmann of UNICAMP, based on GINI index, the fundiary structure of Brazil, according on INCRA registers from 1967 to 1988 is one of the greatest in the world. In 1985 was approved a National Plan of Agrarian Reform – PNRA, which has given a north for criteria’s for Brazilian lands misappropriation, keeping, however, the interest of huge land owners and rural business. In 1987 the state of Ceará starts one policy of loaning for buy land with support of World Bank, already implemented in South Africa, Colombia and Paraguay, under a denomination of Solidary Agrarian Reform, further amplied for the Northeast Region with the name of Land Cellule, Land Bank and today as Fundiario Credit. This program has as a goal reduce and alleviate the rural poverty throughout a fundiaria re-struturation, capable of put the beneficiaries in a sustainable process that ends poverty and promote the social well being of the families. The objective of this work is to investigate sustainability and the Agrarian Reform Program impacts on the mutuarias families life’s, considering the original propose. The research was made in three municipalities of different ecosystems, serra, sertao and litoral, and the collected data allows make a analysis and conclusion that the conditions and program norms doesn’t guarantee not even his duration for a long period, much less a poverty reduction in the campo. Poverty is a phenomena which results from a development model funded in the economic growth and according to studies of NEAD, particularly from the 70’s, the economy was sustained in a internal market expansion of durable consume goods, identified with a basic consume box of the middle and high classes, model characterized as a excluding. Significant part of the population marginalized from the benefits of the economic progress. This model was created not from the Brazilian nation interests, but stimulated by multilaterals international organisms that have an economic interest in Brazil. The research can make an analysis and conclusion that the Solidary Agrarian Reform Program show itself as fundiaria restructuration through the land market but isn’t sustainable as an agrarian policy capable of bring to the benefited classes conditions of turn the land productive and rentable for omission of agrarian policies, having as a basis the reality of the Ceará semi-arid.