Tradições discursivas em gêneros jurídicos: um estudo sobre o gênero denúncia em processos criminais dos séculos XX e XXI

Abstract

The language corresponds to a social interaction practice and it is made real through different texts shared between members of a community. It is characterized by its heterogeneity as well as its variability, so it is vulnerable in face of constant changes over the time. This characteristic makes possible that past facts kept safe for the posterity through old documents become objects of researchers during the time. In this way, such documents contribute in a value way in works of an uncountable researchers into different areas. The relevance of this documents is given by its highlighted contribution in the historical studies of the language as well as of the texts. The analyses turned more for that aspect that provides a knowledge concerning to constitution and functioning both in the language and the texts in previous societies of yore. In this perspective, the current work which is turned more to genre of legal sphere, it proposes itself describing and analyzing, in function of communicative purpose as well as social-historic context, the linguistic and discursive categories of formulaic expressions which points traces of permanence and/or changing . The corpus is formed by complaints which is the introduction of crime-processes practiced in cearense legal sphere from XX and XXI centuries. The corpus is formed by complaints that is the introductory part of crime-processes registered in Ceará State, Brazil. They are filed in Arquivo Público do Estado do Ceará (APEC). In order to develop the analyses, it was used the theoretical framework of discursive traditions with the goal of observing repetitions of one text or its textual forms, “formulaic expressions”, that can be taken as discursive traditions describing significants traces of changing and/ or changing . In this sense, It serves as theoretical bases, the studies of Kabatek (2001,2006), Koch (1997) e Koch; Osterreicher (2007). In the light of theoretical methodologic proposal of Zavam (2009). Then, this investigation focused in the analyses of six categories that covers the context in complaints which were written as well as the text that deals with the materiality of linguistic elements used. This work tried understanding how to society in the beginning of XX century interacted by means of ordinary text legal sphere. The results achieved show us that the genre has a high level of fixture, so it presents in its composition an intern reorganization, that is a change occurred in the interior of genre itself. Over the time, this demonstrates that, between the two centuries analyzed, the genre was transformed due to demanding of social practices, as in the case of information collected in order to form the accusation of the defendant and that are essential to stablish the complaint. In this way, this research, inside of the diachronic studies, traced a historical path of complaint genre, highlighting which changes/permanencies are perceived in the genre studied. So this researchers is dedicated to investigate the history of texts, linked to the history of the language highlighting aspects that categorizes the genre of the discourse in their more distinct realization.