Estudo fitoquímico e avaliação do potencial de inibição da enzima acetilcolisnesterase de Simarouba versicolor (SIMAROUBACEAE)

Abstract

The present paper describes the chemical and pharmacological study of the stem bark of the species Simarouba versicolor, which belongs to the family Simaroubaceae. The species are found, mainly in open areas of well drained soils such as cerrado and caatinga. Known popularly as “pau Paraiba”, “mata-cachorro” or “Brazilian simaruba”, the bark of its trunk has insecticidal and antihelminthic properties. It aims to establish a possible extract inhibition of enzyme activity of acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) Relationship. It was accomplished a triage of the parts extracts (leaves, stems, branches, stem bark and heartwood) of the species Simarouba Versicolor by the Ellman test. The ethanol extract of stem bark showed high inhibition of AChE, from this extract, the chloroform fraction and ethyl acetate were identified as being responsible for the inhibition of the enzyme. The chemical prospect of the chloroform fraction resulted in the isolation of three compounds, a mixture of steroid β-sitosterol and stigma sterol, a quassinoid, the 11-acetylamarolide and the alkaloid 4.5-dimetoxicantin-6-one. In the ethyl acetate fraction it was isolated the 3-β-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl sitosterol. The Structure determination of these compounds was performed by spectroscopic analysis through the methods of IR, MS, RMN1H and 13C-BB using uni and bidimensional techniques and by comparison with the data reported in the literature. In qualitative analysis of the AChE inhibition the extracts and isolated constituents 11- acetylamarolide and 4.5-dimetoxicantin-6-one showed good results. The extracts also showed cytotoxic activity in three tumor lines tested.