Polimorfismos nos genes interleucina10, NOS2A e ESR2 em portadores de periodontite crônica e agressiva

Abstract

Some inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), the molecule of nitric oxide (NO) and the hormone estrogen can participate in the inflammatory periodontal disease (PD). This study aimed to: 1) review the relationship of IL 10, NO and estrogen as well as genetic polymorphisms linked to genes encoding IL 10, isoforms of NOS and estrogen receptors with the DP (Chapter 1); 2) to investigate the association of IL-10, NOS2A and ESR2 genes in chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive (AP) (Chapter 2); 3) assess the relationship between prior periodontal treatment (PPT) e oral hygiene habits in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) (chapter 3). In study 1 was carried out a literature review and included clinical studies in humans, with publications in the English language that investigated the role of IL 10, NO and estrogen and related genetic polymorphisms in PD. In study 2 were investigated SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) -1087G> A (rs1800896), -819C> T (rs1800871) and -592C> A (rs1800872) in the IL10 gene, + 2087G> A (rs2297518) in NOS2A gene and + 1730G> A (rs4986938) in ESR2 gene in 50 AP patients, 61 CP patients and 61 control patients. In study 3, 55 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) were analyzed through clinical periodontal examination and collection of data of oral hygiene and prior periodontal treatment (PPT). Study 1 showed that levels of IL 10 and NO are correlated with the PC. Associations were found for SNPs -592 and -819 of the IL 10 gene with chronic periodontitis and haplotype ATA with chronic and aggressive periodontitis. There is positive evidence of the use of replacement therapy with estrogen on the periodontal tissues in postmenopausal women. In study 2 patients with genotype + 2087GG in NOS2A gene showed a trend toward a significant association with PD (p = 0.05; OR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.95). There were no significant associations with PD in the genotype analysis of IL 10 and ESR2 genes or haplotypes of IL 10 gene. In study 3 patients who did not use dental floss had a reduced chance in 84% of undergoing TPP (p = 0.005; OR = 0.16; 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.59). It is concluded that high concentrations of IL-10 and NO can be found in inflamed periodontal tissues. Subjects with the GG genotype in the SPN +2087 NOS2A gene were protected against the development of PD. There was a significant relationship between the use of dental floss and the presence of previous periodontal treatment.