O que determina a desigualdade do comportamento creditício das famílias brasileiras ?

Abstract

Brazil is a country of continental dimensions and with a strong heterogeneity between its states. Inequalities appear in both the income, as portrayed in Cabral (2008) and Penna and Linhares (2009) and in the supply of credit, with the latter appearing to be even more pronounced. The data used in the study confirm this inequality. Among them we can mention as outliers on the demand side the total years of study by state ranging from 4.94 to 9.46 in the states of Alagoas and the Federal District and the% of poverty that too in its extremes have 5 values 66% in Santa Catarina and 40.60% in Maranhão. Or on the supply side, the number of bank branches per 100,000 inhabitants ranging from 4.06 to 15.06 in Maranhão in the state of São Paulo or the volume of time deposits per capita ranging from R $ 302.23 in Piauí to R $ 22,260.47 in the Federal District. Analyzing a period of 10 years, including monthly data from January 2004 to December 2013 this paper seeks to identify what determines the credit inequality between states. Only analyzed the credit for individuals through a panel containing explanatory variables on both the demand and the supply side. Using the estimation method OLS with fixed effects we can see that the credit is strongly impacted by the demand variables. That is, highly dependent on the economic situation of the partner region; income, poverty and study. Therefore, it is not only the institutions invest in credit supply. But yes, the government and policy makers to act jointly to improve the education and income distribution.