Registro sociológico e tragédia da cultura em Georg Simmel

Abstract

This article focuses on the sociology of Georg Simmel. In theoretical terms the author established the concept of association (or "sociation"), understanding that it expresses better the dynamic, transitory and inter-relational character of social life. According the author what constitutes the sociology as science of the forms and processes of socialization are the features of reciprocal efects and multilateral relations inherent to the social action. On the other hand, the great supra-individual systems and organizations, such as the state, the class structures and the market, in according to Simmel, represent nothing else that lasting configurations, which involves interactive relations happening amongst the different individuals or persons at every moment of their life. With reference to the notion of "tragedy of culture", it is necessary to emphasize that it has one double dimension. On the one hand the "tragedy of culture" is already present into the structure of culture, encrusted at their foundation, as a form an original fissure which never can be blocked or closed. It means that in their developing process, subject and object involves one basic dualism, comprising different and not coinciding internal logics. These situation set up one contradictory and incongruous dynamic, which can not to set in motion one complete identity between subject and object, in the social and historical processes. On the other hand, the "tragedy of culture" in the modernity is established, according the author, with the developing of division of labor, the liberation of monetary relations, and consequently with the increasing autonomy of the economic, political, institutional and cultural human objective constructions. In other words, even if the cultural productions on the broad sense are produced of human beings to serve themselves, nevertheless they assume, in objective terms, one independent and fetishistic logical course, strange to mankind.