Efeito ansiolítico dos polissacarídeos sulfatados da alga marinha vermelha Gracilaria cornea J. Agardh em modelos neurocomportamentais em camundongos

Abstract

Currently there is an increased interest in developing new therapeutic agents from biologically active molecules present in natural sources from marine organisms has been posted. Within this context, red marine algae have received much attention for presenting active biological and pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, antitumor, antithrombotic, pro-thrombotic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anticoagulant. Recent surveys show that many bioactive obtained from marine sources have great potential for neuropharmacological applications. Thus the aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of sulfated polysaccharides total (PST) obtained from the red seaweed Gracilaria cornea in the Central Nervous System in classic animal models elevated plus maze (EPM), open field, hole board, rota rod, forced swim and tail suspension for the screening of drugs with activities related to neurobehavioral disorders such as anxiety and depression. For the experiments Swiss male mice were used, weighing 25-32g, from the vivarium of the Federal University of Ceará. The animals were treated acutely with PST at doses of 0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Thirty minutes after treatment, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests of locomotion (open field and rota rod), anxiety (LCE and hole board) and depression (forced swim and tail suspension). The results showed that PST, at a dose of 10 mg/kg, showed anxiolytic effects in models of EPM and hole board, it increased all parameters analyzed in the EPM, as well as the number of dives in the holes of the perforated plate. This effect is probably related to the GABAergic system because flumazenil, antagonists of GABA/Benzodiazepine receptor, reversed the anxiolytic effects of PST in the EPM. In the open field test dose of 10 mg/kg increased the number of quadrants and the number of rearing, try one exitatória action already in the route test rod did not change, showing that the motor activity of the animals was not affected. In the assessment of depressive activity, the PST did not alter the immobility time in the forced swim and tail suspension tests, although the dose of 10mg/kg showed a decrease in the parameter analyzed nonsignificant. Conclusion: total sulfated extracted from Gracilaria cornea, at a dose of 10 mg/kg, polysaccharides suggest an anxiolytic action in the central nervous system, possibly associated with the GABAergic system, devoid of antidepressant action.