Uso do imperfeito do indicativo e de perífrases imperfectivas de passado em memórias literárias produzidas por alunos de escolas públicas brasileiras

Abstract

This research aims to analyze variation in the use of the imperfect of indicative and imperfective periphrases the past, literary memories produced in 2010 and 2012, by students of the 7th and 8th years, finalists of the Portuguese Language Olympiad Writing the Future. Accordingly, it intends to investigate factors (linguistic and extra-linguistic) motivate the choice of one form or another. Therefore, is based on the Sociofuncionalism the postulates defended by Tavares (2003), resulting theoretical wedding between Sociolinguistics variational (Weinreich, Labov And HERZOG, 1968; Labov, 1972, 1978, 1994, 2001, 2003, 2010) and the US shed functionalism (cf. Givon, 1995, 2001; HOPPER, 1991; HOPPER & TRAUGOTT, 1993; TRAUGOTT, 1995. the corpus consists of 2205 data imperfective forms of past collected from 76 of literary texts memories , and in 1926 these data imperfect indicative past tense, for a total of 87.3% of the total, and 279 forms of imperfective periphrases past, totaling a percentage of 12.7% of the total incidence. The outcomes of the rounds statistics done using the software GoldVarb revealed that the phenomenon under study is motivated by linguistic factors, as imperfective function (episodic, habitual, iterative and progressive), semantic-discursive kind of verb (process culminated, culmination, activity and state), type prayer (coordinated asyndetic, subordinate adverbial, adjectival subordinate, coordinated syndetic, principal, absolute and conditional substantive), aspectual modifier (quantifier, durative, punctual and without modifier) and polarity (positive and negative), having been discarded by the statistics rounds factors narrative of the plan: figure and ground and geographic regions for failing to submit the relevant motivation of the imperfective forms under review. Thus, the results obtained and analyzed showed us how prototypical contexts for each form under the following analysis: the imperfect codes, prototypically, episodic role, culminating with process verb in affirmative prayer coordinated asyndetic with quantifier modifier; the periphrasis, in turn, presents, prototypically, progressive encoding function, with state verbs in negative substantive subordinate clauses, in the presence of aspectual point modifier.