Densidade e indicadores urbanísticos como instrumentos para a qualificação do tecido urbano periférico

Abstract

Given the unsustainability of the Brazilian urbanization model, we question the ability of traditional planning and instruments introduced by the City Statute in changing urban form in the sense of increasing urban quality. We evaluated the use of indicators to measure density problems of the contemporary city (urban sprawl, housing deficit and stimulus to motorized transport), since the density applied to planning as a process enables the classification of urban morphology in its various scales. We seek to demonstrate the relevance of these indicators to interfere in the built environment, reduce the housing deficit of social interest and combat dispersion. We present as a case study an area of urban expansion in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza: Maracanaú, characterized by the overlap between housing, slums and irregular allotment beyond the recent appropriation of the real estate market. We propose a method of intervention in the city through new parameters based on indicators of density, as an alternative to housing developments that have been built on the suburb of the city. The result is a framework with values based on studies that aim to stimulate "sustainable" urban forms and discourage those that have been produced in the area, outlining scenarios of high density and large amount of public spaces