Efeitos de intervenções por telefone na adesão ao recebimento do laudo colpocitológico

Abstract

Study developed to test the effects of behavioral and educational interventions by phone in women on receiving the results of Pap test. It is, therefore, a randomized controlled experimental study conducted on three groups: education (educational intervention by telephone), behavioral (telephone reminder) and comparison (usual – reminder chart). Data were collected from January to August 2014 in the Family Development Center (CEDEFAM), located in the Planalto Pici neighborhood, Fortaleza, Ceará. The sample included 510 women, according to the following inclusion criteria: already having initiation of sexual activity, take the examination for the prevention of cervical cancer in the data collection period and have a mobile phone or landline. The KAP survey instrument applied has been validated in a previous experimental study. In order to standardize the educational intervention, a guide based by motivational interviewing was formulated. Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0. Information about the knowledge showed that, although 96,9% had heard about the prevention of cervical cancer, only 33,7% demonstrated adequate knowledge. In assessing the attitude, 40,8% were classified as appropriate and 72,2% had an adequate practice. Of the 510 women studied, 429 (84,1%) returned to check the test results, which amounted to a general rate of no return of 15,9%. Among the 429 participants, 64, 1% attended at the due date, and the educational and behavioral groups was the most frequent. Women who received one of the two interventions showed 7,3% of no return and 6,2 (CI 95%: 3,7-10,5) times more likely to attend the service compared to the comparison group. Individual analysis of interventions proved that both are effective, because the behavioral increased the chance of women attending the service at 7,1 (CI 95%: 3,6-14,2) times and the educational at 5,5 (CI 95%: 2,9-10,4). Non-return rates were, respectively, 6,5% and 8,2%, compared to 33,1% in the comparison group. Therefore, behavioral and educational interventions by phone can be configured as effective population-based strategies for the return, being thus successful in the screening and follow up of cervical cancer precursor lesions.