Análise comparativa de inversores multiníveis monofásicos baseados em células de comutação com elevação da capacidade de corrente

Abstract

This work presents a comparative evaluation of three single-phase neutral point clamped multilevel inverters, based on switching cells, which have as a common characteristic the capacity increase of the total output current of the converters without increasing the current efforts in semiconductors. The technique employed to perform this evaluation consists primarily on individual analysis of the classical three level topology, applying only the parallelism of switching cells. Then a detailed analysis of the main topology evaluated in this work is performed. It is the five level neutral point clamped inverter, based on multi-state switching cell, which uses multilevel interleaved converters, coupled magnetically through an autotransformer in order to distribute uniformly the total output current between their windings, and consequently between the semiconductors of the converter. In addition to presenting reduced conduction losses in the semiconductors, this technique also provides a reduction in volume and weight of magnetic components due to frequency of operation of reactive elements is a multiple of the switching frequency of the switches. Consequently, the resulting converters present high efficiency, high power density and low harmonic distortion for the output voltage and output current. The theoretical analysis of the five level neutral point clamped inverter, based on multi-state switching cell, is verified by digital simulation and by 5 kW prototypes experimentation. Simulation and experimental results are also presented for the third topology analyzed, the five level neutral point clamped inverter, based on interleaved switching cells. Finally, a comparative evaluation is performed for the three inverters analyzed.