http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/76 Wed, 10 Jun 2026 18:47:24 GMT 2026-06-10T18:47:24Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86433 Título: Dinâmica dos processos evaporativos: variabilidade climática e mitigação de impactos Autor(es): Lima, José Brenno Carneiro de Abstract: Water losses from evaporation and evapotranspiration are considered the main natural sources of water loss in surface reservoirs. In the Brazilian semi-arid region, evaporation could consume up to 50% of the water inflow into reservoirs. Therefore, the study of evaporative processes is of great relevance to water resource management, whether in semi-arid climatic conditions, as is the case in most of the state of Ceará, or in temperate climates. In light of this, this thesis is divided into three chapters, two of which were conducted in the state of Ceará (Brazil) and one in Germany. The first chapter assessed the long-term trend in potential evaporation, as estimated using the Penman method, based on meteorological data measured at eight specialised weather stations in the Jaguaribe River Watershed. The Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope were applied to the potential evaporation data and the meteorological variables to determine the statistical significance and magnitude of the temporal variation, with the aim of identifying the factors responsible for the observed changes. In the second chapter, the impact of cloud cover and cloud types on incident solar radiation was assessed. Historical time series of cloud cover, cloud types and midday solar radiation were used, obtained from six meteorological stations across Germany. Incident radiation on clear days and under cloud cover conditions was compared in order to understand the effect of cloud cover and cloud types on radiation. In the third chapter, the effect of installing a floating photovoltaic system (FPS) on the main meteorological variables that govern the evaporation process was assessed, as well as its impact on the water balance of a large reservoir. The influence of the FPS installation on the evaporation process was investigated using a sensitivity analysis of the Penman model, which was parameterised to estimate evaporation taking into account the PFS coverage. The impact of the FPS on the water balance was estimated by extrapolating experimental data to the reservoir scale, enabling the estimation of evaporated flow and the effects on water availability under dynamic hydrological conditions. Based on the findings of this thesis, the main conclusions are: (i) There is statistically significant evidence of a change in the pattern of potential evaporation in the Jaguaribe River catchment, but with non-uniform occurrence (increases and decreases), with increases in air temperature and insolation being responsible for the increase in evaporation, and reductions in wind speed and increases in relative humidity being the causes of the decrease in evaporation. (ii) As the cloud cover fraction increases, a trend towards a reduction in radiation incident on the Earth’s surface is observed. However, for medium and high clouds, it is found that, under conditions of cloud cover between 1 and 2 octas, there is a slight increase in radiation incidencewhen compared to the radiation recorded on clear days. (iii) It was found that global radiation is the meteorological variable to which the model is most sensitive. The presence of the FPS tends to bring the reservoir to a new equilibrium level, with an increase in the flooded area, partially offsetting the reduction in the evaporation rate. The installation of the FPS shows high potential as a strategy for increasing the water availability of reservoirs. Tipo: Tese Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86433 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86186 Título: Sistema de detecção e alerta sem fio de acidentes em tratores agrícolas Autor(es): Maia, Alessandro Marques Abstract: Rollovers and collisions involving agricultural tractors remain among the leading causes of deaths and disabilities in rural areas, despite advancements in machinery and standardized protective devices. In this context, this study developed an in-depth investigation on safety in agricultural mechanization, combining a literature review, regulatory analysis, and an assessment of scientific and patent production. The prospection, supported by bibliometric techniques, made it possible to map trends, identify collaboration networks, and reveal research gaps. A concentration of studies focused on occupational safety, static and dynamic stability, and detection or alarm systems was observed, along with a lack of integrated, low-cost solutions with remote communication capabilities. To address these challenges, the Agricultural Machinery Collision and Rollover Information System (SICCAP) was developed and validated. This electronic device provides passive monitoring and automatic response to critical events, integrating a gyroscope, inertial switch, GPS, GSM, LoRa/WhatsApp communication, and a power cut-off relay. In bench tests, calibration showed a root mean square error of 0.064 on the X-axis and 0.001 on the Y-axis, with activation occurring at 60.45° on the lateral axis and 97.41° on the longitudinal axis, differing by up to 2.63% from the established critical limits. In field tests, the error relative to the analog inclinometer remained below 4%, with greater stability observed in longitudinal displacements due to the larger diameter of the rear tires. The system adequately differentiated driving conditions demonstrated robustness of the inertial switch, and correctly triggered emergency routines. The LoRa module achieved a range of 1,700 m under line-of-sight conditions, ensuring communication redundancy in areas with limited mobile coverage. It is concluded that SICCAP combines accuracy, ease of installation, and low cost, demonstrating robustness for operation under real-world conditions. The device contributes to reducing response time in accidents and enhancing passive safety in agricultural tractors. Tipo: Tese Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86186 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/85462 Título: Pegada de carbono do caju em diferentes sistemas de cultivo: métodos de quantificação de gases de efeito estufa e projeções Autor(es): Sales, Jonnathan Richeds da Silva Abstract: In the face of the climate crisis, food supply chains are increasingly seeking to implement sustainable production practices; for example, studies focused on the fruit sector. Cashew farming plays an important socioeconomic role in agriculture in Brazil, especially in the Northeast region. Thus, the objective was to evaluate, compare, and integrate methodological approaches for estimating the carbon footprint in Brazilian cashew farming, considering both life cycle inventories based on empirical equations and the dynamics of carbon in biomass and soil throughout the useful life of the orchards. Initially, different methods for quantifying GHGs in a conventional cashew production system were evaluated. The Nemecek-Calc, WFLDB, IPCC-Calc, BR-Calc, and Agri-footprint methodologies were compared according to ISO 14067 standard. The results showed variations of up to 24.5% between the methods, with N₂O being the main contributor to emissions. Based on criteria of methodological clarity, scientific robustness, and suitability to regional data, the WFLDB, IPCC-Calc, and BR-Calc methods showed the best performance. In a second stage, the carbon footprint was integrated with the quantification of carbon stored in biomass and the modeling of soil organic carbon (SOC) throughout the cashew tree's production cycle, considering a lifespan of 25 years. Five production systems were evaluated in experimental and commercial areas, including monoculture and intercropping systems. Biomass was quantified using specific allometric equations, and the SOC (0–20 cm) was estimated using the RothC model. The results demonstrated greater carbon accumulation in biomass and soil in diversified systems, reflecting lower carbon footprint values compared to conventional systems. It is concluded that the methodological choice and management system significantly influence the carbon footprint results in cashew farming, highlighting the potential of diversified production systems as a strategy for mitigating climate change and supporting the sustainability of the sector. Tipo: Tese Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/85462 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/85415 Título: Desenvolvimento e validação de sistema vestível para monitoramento de cães de busca e resgate Autor(es): Viana, Vinícius de Sena Sales Abstract: The operational efficiency of cynotechnical teams in search and rescue missions is conditioned by communication effectiveness and the monitoring of canine behavioral patterns. However, remote supervision in scenarios of high structural complexity or dense vegetation still faces tactical and technological limitations. This study aimed to develop a monitoring system for search and rescue dogs, which comprised the engineering of a transmitter prototype based on a microcontroller, integrating an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a sound detector. The system underwent an experimental protocol with dogs from the Search Dog Company (CBCães/CBMCE). Results showed that the fusion of kinematic and sound data enabled the identification of resting, displacement, and alert barking states with an overall accuracy of 98.70%. The LoRa protocol ensured the stability of real-time telemetric transmission with a reduced standard deviation (± 0.35), providing objective metrics for the handler's decision-making. In conclusion, the device demonstrates high technical and operational robustness, mitigating the subjectivity of human observation and optimizing assertiveness in victim localization in disaster scenarios. Tipo: Tese Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/85415 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z