http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/23980 Wed, 10 Jun 2026 17:08:02 GMT 2026-06-10T17:08:02Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86037 Título: Viabilidade técnica e econômica para a produção e exportação de hidrogênio verde de Sobral - Ce para o porto do Pecém - Ce: um estudo de caso Autor(es): Dede, Giovanni Ivis Mendes Abstract: Sustainability aims to ensure environmental balance by promoting actions that meet the needs of the current generation without compromising future generations. The growing concern about greenhouse gas emissions has boosted the search for renewable energy sources, especially green hydrogen, which is produced through the electrolysis of water using renewable sources, without emitting carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. The general objective of this study is to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of producing green hydrogen in Sobral-CE for export to the Port of Pecém-CE. The specific objectives involve investigating the use of a photovoltaic system in conjunction with the local electricity grid to produce green hydrogen and analyzing production certifications in accordance with the European Union. In addition, the aim is to assess the technical challenges in the process and analyze the economic costs and benefits of this activity. The guiding question of the research is: What are the technical and economic challenges for the production and export of green hydrogen in Sobral-CE to the Port of Pecém-CE? The methodology used includes the use of HOMER Pro software, which simulates the configuration of renewable energy systems, integrating renewable sources and the electricity grid. The study evaluates the production of green hydrogen from the electrolysis of water and simulates the ideal conditions for maximizing production, taking into account the variability of energy sources and local solar radiation and temperature conditions. The research is justified by the need to diversify the Brazilian energy matrix, focusing on renewable and sustainable sources. Ceará has been identified as a strategic hub for the production of green hydrogen due to its great potential for generating solar and wind energy. In conclusion, technical and economic viability is achieved, as SFPV certification is viable, but the grid needs to be analyzed in more detail to promote certification. In relation to the final cost values of the components and the final value of the kg of hydrogen is analyzed as competitive, both in the EU and in the Brazilian context. Tipo: TCC Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86037 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86035 Título: Modelo de projetos para conversores modulares multiníveis em aplicações HVDC Autor(es): Bertoldo, Gabriel Ximenes Abstract: High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are increasingly essential in a globalized industry scenario that requires efficient energy transmission over long distances, as seen in Europe, China, Brazil, and the United States. In this context, the modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology has emerged as a widely discussed academic solution and a high-tech commercial application. Understanding the physical operation of the MMC converter is crucial for comprehensively analyzing its internal systems and how its parameters interact and influence other components. These parameters form the foundation for implementing the phase-shifted pulse-width modulation (PS-PWM) system and all elements of the control system. The PWM modulation block is interconnected with the vector current control system and the circulating current control, which define the desired physical parameters in real-time using the p-q instanta- neous power theory and Clarke-Park transformations. Additionally, capacitor voltage control is highlighted as critical for the converter’s stability, ensuring proper charging and discharging of capacitor modules at the correct times. Finally, the MMC design characteristics aid in selecting current commercial technology manufacturers, enabling the choice of a safe and viable project model. Tipo: TCC Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86035 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86034 Título: Controle droop: análise de inversores trifásicos em paralelo tanto no modo conectado à rede quanto no modo ilhado Autor(es): Macêdo, Francisco Thalison Sales Abstract: Distributed microgeneration and minigeneration have grown in recent years due to the increase in renewable energies, such as photovoltaic panels and wind turbines. However, it is essential to discuss control methods, as these sources are intermittent and require proper dispatch to avoid instantaneous generation overproduction. Thus, the use of intelligent interfaces, such as DC/AC converters, becomes necessary to connect generation to the grid. In addition, with the increasing demand for electrical energy, the parallel interconnection of inverters stands out to expand system capacity and control the injected power. In this context, droop control, combined with current and voltage control in the DQ axis, enables efficient sharing of active and reactive power among inverters. Furthermore, distributed generation can supply energy to remote areas or unstable grids, requiring proper control for the islanded mode. In this way, droop control ensures efficient performance, maintaining constant voltage and frequency in the load. Thus, the objective of this work is to develop and analyze droop control techniques in three-phase inverters operating in parallel in both grid-connected and islanded modes, focusing on the efficient sharing of active and reactive power in AC microgrids. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted based on articles and books. From these reviews, droop control techniques based on DQ-axis control were implemented, modeled, and designed. Additionally, two simulations were carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK, the first with inverters operating in parallel in islanded mode and the second in grid-connected mode. The results showed that, in frequency-controlled mode, the inverters maintain constant load voltage and frequency. In the mode where the frequency is imposed by the grid, the inverters operate to control active and reactive power, sharing power among them proportionally to their nominal capacities. It is inferred, then, that droop control, combined with voltage and current loops, can not only control the dispatch of active and reactive power from alternative energy sources but also operate efficiently in AC microgrids without an electrical grid. All of this is achieved while maintaining power quality aspects, including voltage and current harmonics and frequency variation. Tipo: TCC Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86034 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86032 Título: Aplicação de algoritmos bioinspirados e técnicas de geoprocessamento em python no posicionamento de rádio enlaces ponto a ponto Autor(es): Costa, Francisco Leonardo Rocha Abstract: This work aims to develop and compare optimization models for the placement of antennas in multiple radio links, considering geographical factors, coverage, interference, and other aspects relevant to the performance of telecommunication networks. For implementation, the region between the cities of Sobral and Massapê was selected to represent, respectively, the transmitting and receiving areas. Geospatial analysis was conducted using geoprocessing techniques implemented in Python to extract the necessary data for evaluating link configurations. The proposed methodology is based on the application and parameterization of bioinspired algorithms—specifically, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Firefly Algorithm (FA), Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO), and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II)—which were compared with a random approach implemented using Matlab software, with the aim of highlighting their respective efficiencies. To ensure the robustness of the results, a Monte Carlo (MC) procedure was adopted, allowing for a statistically consistent evaluation of computational costs and solution quality. The results indicate that although the bioinspired algorithms may exhibit higher execution times in certain cases, they yield significantly lower average cost solutions compared to the random technique. Furthermore, a comparative analysis between swarm intelligence-based me- taheuristics (PSO and FA) and evolutionary computation-based approaches (BBO and NSGA-II) was conducted. The findings suggest that the choice of approach should be guided by the specific application: while swarm intelligence methods tend to produce more robust solutions despite higher computational costs, evolutionary computation techniques—particularly BBO—offer advantages when parameterization time is a critical constraint, even if the overall performance is relatively modest. Thus, the results of this study confirm that the use of bioinspired algorithms for optimizing antenna placement constitutes a promising alternative for enhancing the efficiency and robustness of telecommunication networks, thereby contributing to overcoming the limitations of traditional methods and fostering significant advancements in the field. Tipo: TCC Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/86032 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z