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Construção e validação de uma tecnologia cuidativo-educacional para a compreensão de sinais comportamentais do autismo infantil

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Construção e validação de uma tecnologia cuidativo-educacional para a compreensão de sinais comportamentais do autismo infantil Autor(es): Freitas, Larissa Barbosa de Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by specific behaviors and a pattern of linguistic, cognitive, social, and motor abnormalities; it is frequently diagnosed late, thereby compromising child development. In this context, educational strategies that assist family members, caregivers, and professionals in understanding and identifying the disorder early are of particular importance. This dissertation aimed to develop and validate a Care-Educational Technology (CET)—specifically a board game—to help parents and/or caregivers of children with ASD understand the behaviors associated with the disorder. This methodological study was conducted in the following stages: an integrative literature review; document analysis of medical records to inform the technology's content; game construction; and content and face validation by experts. Content validation was performed using the Item-level and Scale-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI and S-CVI), while face validation utilized the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) instrument. Analysis of the medical records revealed a predominance of male patients and late diagnoses, as well as a prevalence of symptoms related to social interaction, communication, motor skills, emotional regulation, and learning; these findings informed the development of the game "Sinalizando o Autismo" (Signaling Autism). Content validation yielded an S-CVI of 0.99, indicating a high degree of agreement among experts. Face validation resulted in an overall score of 82.5%, classifying the technology as superior. The game serves as an informative, accessible, and low-cost tool designed to foster interaction, the exchange of experiences, and reflection. Due to its interdisciplinary nature, this CET can be used by family members, caregivers, educators, and healthcare teams, offering a simple approach to the cognitive, emotional, motor, social, and linguistic signs of ASD. Thus, the study achieved its objective by developing and validating a technology that fosters health education and expands knowledge about childhood autism, contributing, above all, to improving the quality of life for these children and their families. Tipo: Dissertação

Avaliação da prática deliberada em ciclos rápidos no ensino do exame neurológico para estudantes de medicina

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Avaliação da prática deliberada em ciclos rápidos no ensino do exame neurológico para estudantes de medicina Autor(es): Queiroga, Morgana Feitosa de Abstract: The Neurological Examination (NE) is an essential tool for topographic diagnosis in Neurology. In medical education, Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice (RCDP) is an innovative clinical simulation technique that enables skills acquisition through repetitive practice with immediate, assertive feedback following every error. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have been identified reporting the use of RCDP for teaching NE. This study aims to assess the impact of RCDP on teaching NE for medical students. This is a quasi-experimental study, with a quantitative approach, conducted at the Schools of Medicine of University Christus (Unichristus) and Federal University of Ceará (UFC) in Fortaleza, Brazil. The sample consisted of 158 students, 111 from Unichristus (intervention group) and 47 from UFC (traditional group). The intervention group participated of the RCDP in addition to traditional teaching of NE. Three instruments were utilized for data gathering: an objective pre-test and post-test questionnaire on Neuroanatomy and NE, a Screening NE Model, and an RCDP Application and Evaluation Guide. The instruments were validated with the Content Validity Index (CVI) of 1 by a committee of 12 neurologists. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism® version 8 and IBM SPSS® version 19. The intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant increase in 73.3% of post-test scores (p < 0.0001; 95% CI), in contrast to traditional group with an increase in 60% of post-test scores (p=0.0651). RCDP is an effective auxiliary tool for teaching NE to medical students. Screening EN was essential to optimize practice time. The RCDP Application and Evaluation Guide in NE shows competency milestones for cycle progression, identifies errors leading to interruptions, facilitates immediate feedback and quantifies the repetitions required for each task. Tipo: Dissertação

Zebrafish como modelo experimental potencial para compreensão de inflamação renal aguda após a exposição a anti-inflamatórios não esteroides

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Zebrafish como modelo experimental potencial para compreensão de inflamação renal aguda após a exposição a anti-inflamatórios não esteroides Autor(es): Rolim, Laís Araújo Abstract: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a syndrome with a complex pathophysiology, frequently triggered by the indiscriminate use of nephrotoxic medications. Among the most common agents in clinical practice are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as diclofenac and ibuprofen, which act by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2). Although effective in controlling inflammation and pain, the continuous use or high doses of these drugs can compromise renal hemodynamics through the inhibition of vasodilatory prostaglandins, resulting in a reduction of the glomerular filtration rate, oxidative stress, and inflammatory processes in the kidney. In this context, the zebrafish has stood out as a robust biomedical model for toxicology and human disease studies due to its high genetic homology with humans, rapid development, and a functional renal anatomy comparable to that of mammals. Thus, the present study aimed to propose and apply a histopathological scoring system for the evaluation and quantification of renal damage in adult zebrafish subjected to nephrotoxicity protocols induced by diclofenac and ibuprofen. For this purpose, adult animals were exposed to different forms of drug administration, and acute toxicity assays were performed to determine the dose-response relationship, in addition to histological analyses of the animal's kidney. The evaluation of the tissue slides allowed the identification of structural alterations compatible with kidney injury, including glomerular changes, tubular congestion, inflammatory processes, and tissue disorganization, enabling the application of a score classification system. In animals exposed to the highest concentrations of each drug, more intense renal damage alterations were detected. The results suggest that diclofenac and ibuprofen exert detectable nephrotoxic effects in the teleost model, reinforcing the utility of the zebrafish as a sensitive tool for renal toxicity studies. Furthermore, the application of the scoring system proved to be effective in standardizing and quantifying the observed renal lesions, contributing to more objective and reproducible analyses in experimental models. Tipo: Dissertação

Sequência didática e o lúdico: ensinando sobre o corpo humano na educação infantil

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Sequência didática e o lúdico: ensinando sobre o corpo humano na educação infantil Autor(es): Nascimento, Ana Patricia Sousa do Abstract: Playfulness is present in all levels of education, but in Early Childhood Education it plays a particularly important role in children’s cognitive development, in which play becomes a method that stimulates curiosity, discovery, and fosters social interaction. In this context, playful activities, when articulated with planned didactic sequences, enhance learning, making the process meaningful and participatory. Therefore, using them in Science Education, alongside the development of self-care and the construction of children’s identity, contributes to the recognition of the child as a subject. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of applying a playful didactic sequence in teaching about the human body in Early Childhood Education, addressing notions related to its structure and functioning. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative-quantitative approach, conducted with 43 children from Infantil V (5 to 6 years old) in a public school in the state of Ceará, Brazil. Data collection occurred in three stages: initial diagnosis (pre-test), pedagogical intervention, and post-intervention evaluation (post-test), using as instruments the Human Body Parts Questionnaire (QPCH), the Diagnostic Questionnaire for Teaching the Human Body (QDECH), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale (ERPA), and Free Drawings of the Human Body (DLCH). Additionally, a didactic sequence was implemented integrating elements such as music, storytelling, clay modeling, and body-based activities. The results showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) when comparing preand post-tests, with concrete improvements in the understanding, naming, and representation of human body parts. The analysis of the PANAS scale indicated a predominance of positive affects during the activities, while the application of the ERPA revealed a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.86, demonstrating high internal reliability and consistent affective bonds between teacher and students. In teaching, the clarity of teacher mediation and the aesthetic appeal of the materials stood out; in evaluation, immediate feedback and coherence between activities and objectives acted as mediators of the process; and in learning, engagement, cooperation, and knowledge retention after the intervention were highlighted. Furthermore, external validation through the Early Childhood Learning Environment Assessment Scale (EAPI), conducted by an evaluator, confirmed the pedagogical relevance and practical applicability of the proposal. Therefore, it is concluded that the application of a playful didactic sequence in Morpho-functional Science Education promotes children’s cognitive, emotional, and social development, demonstrating that intentional and well-planned pedagogical practices foster meaningful learning, strengthen affective bonds, and consolidate the construction of scientific knowledge from the early years of schooling. Tipo: Dissertação