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Estética do sorriso

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Estética do sorriso Autor(es): Passos, Vanara Florêncio; Costa, Cecília Atem Gonçalves de Araújo; Hagn, Carolina; Aragão, Lívia Maria Martins; Cavalcante, Ingrid Maria Lopes; Nobre, Beatriz Gomes; Maciel, Gabriela de Oliveira; Hansen, Sarah; Lima, Gabriele Louise Santos; Botelho, Milena de Fátima Cavalcante; Lima, Vitória Camurça; Alves, Victória Mariana Santos; França, Maria Maiara Militão; Cavalcante, Tiago Urbano Feitosa Tipo: Livro

Prevalência e severidade de periodontite em diabéticos do Tipo 2 atendidos na atenção primária à saúde: estudo piloto

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Prevalência e severidade de periodontite em diabéticos do Tipo 2 atendidos na atenção primária à saúde: estudo piloto Autor(es): Barroso, Ivens Barreto Abstract: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes and to design a representative crosssectional study of patients with diabetes in the municipal health network of Fortaleza. Methods: A sample of individuals diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and at least 50 years of age was recruited through the registration of patients treated at a Primary Care Unit located in Fortaleza-Ceará. The sample size was calculated based on previous studies. A Community Periodontal Index (CPI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) measurements were performed. Based on serum glycated hemoglobin levels, participants were divided into group C (Hb1Ac<7%) – controlled and group D (Hb1Ac≥7%) – uncontrolled. Results: Of the 52 participants evaluated, 24 belonged to group C and 28 to group D. Individuals in group C had a mean age of 63.3±7.8 years, a mean glycated hemoglobin of 6.2±0.5%, a diabetes diagnosis time of 6.4±6.9 years, and 13.5±6.7 teeth. Group D had a mean age of 61.6±7.1 years, a mean glycated hemoglobin of 8.6±1.8%, a diabetes diagnosis time of 10.0±10.6 years, and 12.9±5.8 teeth. Severe periodontitis was present in 20.8% of individuals in group C and in 39.3% of group D. A statistically significant difference was observed for the glycated hemoglobin parameter. Conclusion: Despite showing the highest prevalence of periodontitis found in the uncontrolled group, there was no relationship between increased blood glucose and the presence of periodontitis. The pilot study proved viable, but adjustments are needed for a proper definitive study. Tipo: Dissertação

Doença valvar cardíaca em pacientes com morbidades metabólicas: uma análise histopatológica e metagenômica. Estudo de série de casos

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Doença valvar cardíaca em pacientes com morbidades metabólicas: uma análise histopatológica e metagenômica. Estudo de série de casos Autor(es): Pinho Filho, João Eudes Teixeira Abstract: Heart disease has been the leading cause of death worldwide. Among these conditions, calcification of heart valves stands out, occurring due to a degenerative process influenced by infections associated with an inflammatory state. In this context, the objective of this study was to identify the microorganisms present in heart valves removed from cardiac patients through metagenomic analysis. This is an observational, cross-sectional, case-control study of samples collected from heart valves of patients undergoing valve replacement surgery. 27 valve leaflets from patients with valvular heart disease and 9 from the control group were histologically analyzed for the presence of inflammation and mineralizations. Giemsa and Grocott histochemical analyses were performed to evaluate possible bacteria and fungi present in the sample. The DNAs from the heart valve samples were extracted and frozen for PCR analysis. Furthermore, metagenomic sequencing of the 16S and 18S rRNA regions was performed, followed by bioinformatic analysis. The results demonstrated an unfavorable cardiometabolic profile, with hyperglycemia and reduced HDL cholesterol. Histologically, diffuse fibrosis, chronic inflammation, myxoid degeneration, and calcification predominated. Histochemical analysis with Groccot and Giemsa staining identified a significant frequency of structures compatible with microorganisms, especially bacteria and fungi. Metagenomic analysis identified potentially opportunistic bacteria and fungi, including Staphylococcus, Sphingomonas, Actinotignum, Cutaneotrichosporon, and Apiotrichum. It is concluded that the valvular heart diseases analyzed present a multifactorial character, involving interactions between metabolic, inflammatory, degenerative, and microbiological alterations, highlighting the relevance of metagenomics as a complementary tool in the investigation of valvular heart diseases. Tipo: Tese

Avaliação dos efeitos de p-cimeno em câncer: revisão de escopo e estudo In vitro

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Avaliação dos efeitos de p-cimeno em câncer: revisão de escopo e estudo In vitro Autor(es): Viana, Khalil Fernandes Abstract: Conventional oncological therapies tend to mutilate patients and generate pharmacological resistance and adverse effects. The use of natural compounds stands out as an alternative in this therapy, as it minimizes the deleterious effects and enhances the action of chemotherapeutics, acting as an adjuvant. P-cymene (pC), a monoterpene present in several plants, has already been evaluated in preclinical cancer studies, showing preventive and therapeutic effects. However, these findings need to be better mapped and analyzed in order to elucidate the best strategies for using this compound in cancer therapy. This thesis aimed to review and map the published findings on the actions of pC in cancer, as well as to evaluate the in vitro activity of this compound in two oral cancer cell lines. For this, a scoping review was performed using PRISMA-ScR as a guide and using the bibliographic databases Embase, Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Science for the selection of studies. The laboratory study was based on cell cultures of the following cell lines: UM-HACC-2A (salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma), in which cell viability assays (Live/Dead assay method) were performed to obtain the IC50 of pC, immunofluorescence of NFκB and Ki-67, cell migration and analysis of the nuclear area; SCC-4 (oral squamous cell carcinoma), in which cell viability assays (MTT method), gene expression of Caspases 3 and 9, Bcl-2 and Akt, immunocytochemistry of PI3K, Ki-67 and Akt proteins, as well as cell migration were performed; and HaCat (normal keratinocytes), as control. The Shapiro-Wilk test, t-test, Mann-Whitney test and nonlinear regression were the statistical methods applied, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05) adopted for all analyses. The results of the scoping review revealed that 93.7% of the included in vitro studies showed pC IC50 values considered to be of low cytotoxic potential by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), with a mean value of 178.43 μg/ml, being tested in colorectal, breast, lung, liver, cervical, skin, fibrosarcoma and melanoma cancers and acting mainly through non-cytotoxic mechanisms, such as alteration of cell signaling pathways (inhibition of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK and activation of TIMP-1), modulation of the tumor microenvironment (reduction of SOD, increase of IL-6 and reduction of IL-1) and inhibition of invasion (reduction of MMP-9), and secondarily through cytotoxic mechanisms, such as DNA damage (increase of 8-OHdG) and plasma membrane (increase of malondialdehyde), and increase of Caspase-3 activity. Animal studies have shown significant results in reducing the incidence of tumors in colorectal cancer and tumor size in colorectal cancer and melanoma. The results of the in vitro study demonstrated low cytotoxicity of pC in UM-HACC-2A (IC50=664.7 μg/ml), in SCC-4 (IC50=573.6μg/ml) and in normal keratinocytes (IC50=694,6 μg/ml), with a selectivity index (SI) of 1.12. In the UM-HACC-2A cell line, significant inhibition of the expression of NFκB (p=0.026) and Ki-67 (p=0.005) proteins was observed, as well as a reduction in nuclear area (p<0.0001), but there was no statistically significant difference in the migration of UM-HACC-2A cells. In SSC-4 cells, there was inhibition of cell migration (p=0.0005), reduction in the expression of PI3K, Ki-67 and Akt proteins (p=0.0286); however, no significant changes were observed in the gene expression of Caspase 3 and 9, Bcl-2 and Akt. It is concluded that, although pC presents low direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells, its effects on cell signaling pathways, tumor microenvironment, cell invasion and migration processes, as well as chemoprevention in animal models, suggest its use as an adjuvant agent in oncological therapy, acting as a modulator of tumor progression and potentially increasing the efficacy of conventional cytotoxic therapies. Continued studies, with emphasis on in vivo models and proteomic analyses, are essential to deepen the knowledge about its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. Tipo: Tese