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Desenvolvimento de antiveneno piloto contra os venenos de serpentes Bothrops ayerbei, Bothrops rhombeatus, Bothrops asper e Lachesis acrochorda, usando nanopartículas de quitosana como imuno adjuvante

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Desenvolvimento de antiveneno piloto contra os venenos de serpentes Bothrops ayerbei, Bothrops rhombeatus, Bothrops asper e Lachesis acrochorda, usando nanopartículas de quitosana como imuno adjuvante Autor(es): Camilo, Karen Leonor Angel Abstract: Snake bite poisoning is a neglected tropical disease, and one of the main factors aggravating this problem is the scarcity of effective antivenoms in sufficient quantities to treat victims. In such circumstances, it is essential to research new strategies for the production and improvement of snake antivenoms, using substances capable of stimulating the immune response, as has been repeatedly reported for chitosan. Thus, the objective of this research was to develop a prototype antivenom against the venoms of Lachesis acrochorda (SVLa), Bothrops ayerbei (SVBay), Bothrops rhombeatus (SVBr), and Bothrops asper (SVBas), using chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) as immunoadjuvants. The nanoparticles were obtained by ionic gelation, loaded with viper venoms (SVLa, SVBay, SVBr, and SVBas), and characterized in terms of their physical-chemical properties and loading efficiency. Next, a process of immunization in rabbits was carried out, followed by immunorecognition tests. The NPs exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of 77.5%, an average size of 85.1 nm, a zeta potential of approximately +7.4 mV, and a polydispersity index ≤ 0.5, indicating NPs with stable physicochemical characteristics. Furthermore, antibodies produced by rabbits immunized with chitosan NPs loaded with venoms demonstrated a protein recognition immune response equal to or greater than that observed in control rabbits and commercial antivenoms tested, both in Western blot and ELISA assays, indicating greater antigenic recognition capacity compared to conventional antivenoms. Regarding in vivo neutralization tests, a good response was observed, inhibiting deaths equally or more than the control rabbit antivenom without nanoparticles. The immunization model in rabbits demonstrated greater efficacy of chitosan NPs with poisons (SVLa, SVBay, SVBr, and SVBas) compared to conventional immunoadjuvants, such as aluminum hydroxide and Freund's adjuvant. Thus, chitosan nanoparticles loaded with venoms represent a promising biotechnological approach for the development of antivenom immunotherapies. Tipo: Tese

Interculturalidade e farmácias vivas: plantas medicinais nas práticas da saúde indígena

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Interculturalidade e farmácias vivas: plantas medicinais nas práticas da saúde indígena Autor(es): Nobre, Micael Pereira Abstract: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines Medicinal Plants as those that produce a pharmacological action. Based on this premise, interculturality within the Unified Health System (SUS) involves the recognition and articulation between traditional indigenous knowledge and scientific insights regarding these plants. This thesis analyzed the inclusion of the Indigenous Cultivation Agent within the SUS, evaluated the impact of an intercultural training program on medicinal plants for indigenous agents and leaders in Ceará, and analyzed the applicability of an educational product (booklet). The research was developed within the scope of the project "Interculturality and Living Pharmacies in SUS Ceará", coordinated among SESA-CE, UFC, and DSEI-CE. Methodologically, it was organized into three axes: i) a qualitative study based on document analysis and an integrative review regarding the Indigenous Cultivation Agent in pharmaceutical assistance; ii) a quantitativequalitative action research with pre- and post-tests before and after an intercultural training workshop involving 18 agents and leaders from the Tremembé, Tabajara, Kalabaça, Tapeba, and Pitaguary peoples; and iii) a document and content analysis on the applicability of the booklet. Results from the first axis showed that institutionalizing the Indigenous Cultivation Agent expands access to herbal medicines, strengthens community autonomy, and contributes to culturally sensitive care models. The second axis demonstrated significant progress in participants' confidence to guide the population and in the internalization of concepts such as detoxification, exact dosage, and preparation. The results of the third axis demonstrated that the Primary Processing Booklet has high applicability and operational viability within the SUS, aligning quality protocols with unrestricted respect for traditional indigenous healing systems. In conclusion, the articulation among the Cultivation Agent, the intercultural training, and the booklet constitutes a powerful strategy for the qualification and empowerment of leaders, promoting dialogue between pharmaceutical science and ancestral knowledge within the SUS. Ethics Committee Approval: No. 8.327.008 (FACERES/CONEP). Tipo: Tese

Reações adversas a medicamento sem pacientes hospitalizados por insuficiência hepática crônica moderada ou grave em hospitais do Nordeste do Brasil

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Reações adversas a medicamento sem pacientes hospitalizados por insuficiência hepática crônica moderada ou grave em hospitais do Nordeste do Brasil Autor(es): Araújo, Breno Queiroz de Abstract: Chronic liver failure (CLF) is characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of liver function, which may lead to alterations in the pharmacokinetics of various medications and increased susceptibility to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In this context, the clinical pharmacist plays a fundamental role in the prevention, identification, and management of these reactions. This study aimed to characterize the incidence, determinants, and clinical relevance of ADRs in patients hospitalized with moderate to severe CLF in hospitals in the Northeast region of Brazil. This is an observational, analytical, multicenter prospective cohort study that included patients with moderate to severe CLF (Child-Pugh B or C) hospitalized in seven hospitals in Northeast Brazil between September 2023 and January 2026. Daily collection of clinical, laboratory, and pharmacotherapeutic data was performed, with active surveillance of ADRs through medical record review, trigger tools, and reports from the healthcare team and patients. ADRs were coded according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA®) and classified regarding causality, severity, and preventability using validated tools. Data analysis was performed using Stata 15®, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. A total of 252 patients were included, with a predominance of males (59.1%) and a mean age of 59.2 years. Overall, 38.9% of patients experienced at least one ADR, totaling 207 events. The most frequent ADRs involved gastrointestinal, nervous system, and metabolic disorders, with furosemide, lactulose, and carvedilol identified as the main suspected drugs. Most ADRs were classified as probable or possible, of mild severity, and largely preventable. ADRs were associated with longer follow-up time, previous upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and laboratory abnormalities suggestive of hepatic and renal dysfunction, such as elevated urea, bilirubin, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as hyponatremia. ADRs were also associated with relevant clinical outcomes, including hepatorenal syndrome, prophylactic variceal ligation, acute-on-chronic liver failure, jaundice, and hepatic coma. In conclusion, ADRs are frequent in patients with CLF, many of which are preventable, and are associated with worse clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for rigorous pharmacotherapeutic monitoring and strategies to ensure safe medication use in this population. Tipo: Dissertação

Avaliação da atividade de peptídeos derivados do veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus sobre a criopreservação espermática

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Avaliação da atividade de peptídeos derivados do veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus sobre a criopreservação espermática Autor(es): Moura, Gabriel Acácio de Tipo: Tese