http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/389 2026-08-12T07:15:03Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/87456 Título: Impacto do exercício físico sobre as alterações hepáticas, bioquímicas, oxidativas, inflamatórias e metabólicas associadas a privação de sono em camundongos Swiss Autor(es): Nunes, Paulo Iury Gomes Abstract: Sleep deprivation (SD) is a stressor capable of inducing behavioral, neuroendocrine, inflammatory, and metabolic dysfunctions. Significant hepatic repercussions may occur secondary to SD. This study aimed to investigate whether chronic aerobic physical exercise can prevent or attenuate the deleterious effects induced by 72 hours of total sleep deprivation. We used male young adult Swiss mice, aged 90 to 150 days. Animals were allocated into four experimental groups: Control, Exercise (EXE), SD, and Exercise + SD (EXE+SD). The study included behavioral, biochemical, oxidative, hepatic histological, and metabolomic evaluations. Behavioral assessment revealed that SD increased immobility time in the forced swim test, reduced exploration in the Y-maze, and decreased entries into the open arms of the elevated plus maze, indicating impairments in memory, exploratory behavior, and anxiety-like states, respectively. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that SD increased serum levels of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, along with significant reductions in albumin and glucose. These effects were accompanied by hepatic increases in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, INF-γ, MDA, protein carbonylation, nitrite, and MPO activity, as well as reductions in GSH, SOD, and CAT. Histological analysis revealed mild diffuse inflammatory infiltration in the SD group. Hepatic metabolomics indicated that SD induced significant alterations in several metabolites, including reductions in dehydroascorbate, salicylate, fructose, and glucose. Physical exercise positively modulated the metabolic profile, restoring pathways related to amino acid, glyoxylate, glutathione, arginine, and proline metabolism. The EXE+SD group exhibited an intermediate profile, with partial or full reversal of SD- induced damage. These findings suggest that chronic aerobic physical exercise plays a protective role against the behavioral, inflammatory, redox, and metabolic hepatic alterations induced by sleep deprivation. Such findings have translational implications for the prevention of SD-associated metabolic disorders. Tipo: Tese 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/87455 Título: Angiopoietinas e sua associação com carga parasitária e formas clínicas em pacientes com esquistossomose residentes em uma área de alta endemicidade no Nordeste brasileiro Autor(es): Coimbre, Rachael Lima Sobreira Abstract: Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma, whose severe manifestations are associated with inflammatory and vascular responses. Several biomarkers have been investigated in inflammatory and vascular conditions, including angiopoietins, a family of angiogenic growth factors. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between parasite burden and angiopoietin levels(ANG1 and ANG2) in individuals infected with Schistosoma mansoni, as well as to assess the association of these biomarkers with disease severity and related clinical manifestations. The study was conducted in two endemic areas in the state of Sergipe, Brazil, between August 2022 and April 2023, involving 126 volunteers from Quilombo Patioba (Japaratuba) and Colônia Miranda (São Cristóvão). The methodology included the collection of blood samples to analyze ANG1 and ANG2 levels, along with clinical and laboratory tests to assess liver function and parasite burden. Schistosomiasis was diagnosed using the Kato-Katz method, and participants were stratified according to the intensity of infection. Endothelial function was evaluated by measuring endothelial biomarkers and traditional biochemical markers. The results revealed a positivity rate for schistosomiasis of 33.62% in Quilombo Patioba and 25.67% in Colônia Miranda, both higher than state and national averages. Moderate/high infection rates were more frequent in Quilombo Patioba (18.61%) compared to Colônia Miranda (14.3%). Analysis of ANG2 levels and the ANG2/ANG1 ratio showed a significant correlation with parasite burden and the hepatosplenic form of the disease. ANG2 levels and the ANG2/ANG1 ratio were higher in groups with moderate and high parasite burden, as well as in the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis. Individuals with more severe forms of the disease showed a higher prevalence of palpable liver and ultrasonographic alterations, corroborating previous studies linking parasite burden to progressive liver damage. No significant changes were observed in systemic blood pressure or oxygen saturation, suggesting that, in the studied population, the primary disease-related alterations were associated with hepatic and portal. These findings indicate that ANG2 and the ANG2/ANG1 ratio could serve as useful biomarkers for assessing disease severity and detecting early vascular inflammation. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate the exact mechanisms involved and to explore the application of these biomarkers in therapeutic interventions. Tipo: Dissertação 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/87454 Título: Biperideno na prevenção de epilepsia em pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico em Sobral-Ceará: impacto do fluxo de atendimento na condução do ensaio clínico e na assistência aos pacientes do SUS Autor(es): Cristino, Eva Dias Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes a major public health problem in Brazil, with high incidence, morbidity and mortality, and significant socioeconomic impact. Among the sequelae of TBI are acute epileptic seizures and post-traumatic epilepsy. There are no effective therapies to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy. Biperiden, a muscarinic antagonist, has shown evidence of reducing and delaying seizures in animal models, and clinical trials in humans have demonstrated the drug’s safety, although its preventive efficacy has not yet been established. The development of TBI-targeted therapies depends on scientific evidence and adequate healthcare conditions that enable the conduct of clinical studies. This thesis aimed to identify and analyze aspects of the care pathway for patients with TBI in the Northern macro-region of Ceará that impacted both patient care and the conduct of a clinical trial, focusing on the study “Biperiden for the Prevention of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy.” This is an observational study with prospective data collection that evaluated 294 patients screened between September 2023 and December 2024 at Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Sobral, a trauma referral hospital in the interior of the state of Ceará. Patients diagnosed with skull and facial bone fractures, intracranial trauma, and/or crushing head injuries were included. Variables related to epidemiological profile, clinical severity, time intervals in care, and completeness of clinical records produced throughout the access pathway were analyzed. The results indicated a predominance of young male victims, mostly involved in motorcycle accidents. Essential information for clinical management and trial eligibility was frequently missing, such as time of trauma (28,2% of cases), time of admission to the first care unit (49,1%), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) records at the scene (80,3%) and at the first care unit (27,1%). Sedated patients arrived more quickly at specialized services, suggesting prioritization of severe cases. Inconsistencies were also identified in the standardization of information transferred between services, possibly associated with structural limitations of the electronic systems used and the absence of well- defined institutional protocols. It was further observed that the time between trauma and arrival at the referral hospital correlated with geographic distance and severity of the condition, but may also have been influenced by regulatory barriers and communication failures. These factors directly affected participant inclusion in the clinical trial, especially due to the protocol requirement of administering the first dose of the intervention within 18 hours after trauma. Thus, although the regional access pathway for trauma patients is structured, deficiencies in the recording of critical information and delays in care compromised Santa Casa’s greater participation in the clinical trial, particularly due to the late arrival of patients outside the therapeutic window. These findings highlight the need for team training, documentation standardization, and the adoption of technological strategies that enhance interinstitutional communication, contributing not only to the feasibility of future multicenter studies but also to the improvement of healthcare delivery itself. Tipo: Tese 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/87392 Título: A política de desnutrição infantil no setor autônomo de Guiné-Bissau Autor(es): Bá, Tcherno Amadú Abstract: Introduction. Child malnutrition is a serious public health problem, especially in low-income countries like Guinea-Bissau, where chronic political instability and structural poverty hinder the development of effective child protection policies. Objective. To describe the child nutrition policy in Guinea-Bissau developed between 2020 and 2024. Methodology. This study involved documentary and bibliographic research, analyzing documents regarding health policies in Guinea-Bissau and Brazil, complemented by field notes from the Institute for Early Childhood (IPREDE) in Fortaleza, Ceará. Empirical data collection included semi-structured interviews with families of children being treated for malnutrition, allowing for triangulation between documentary evidence and lived experiences. Results. The analysis identified four thematic categories: the prevalence and epidemiological profile of child malnutrition (showing 28% chronic malnutrition and 6.5% acute malnutrition in Guinea-Bissau); the impact of political instability on the implementation of social programs; the coverage of community health workers and social protection; and a comparative analysis with Brazilian policies, highlighting the effectiveness of the Bolsa Família Program and the Family Health Strategy in reducing this health issue. Final considerations. Child malnutrition remains a significant issue in both countries, requiring the expansion of intersectoral public policies, systematic epidemiological studies, and the strengthening of social protection programs—with particular attention to the context of Guinea-Bissau, where international cooperation is a fundamental pillar in addressing this problem. Tipo: Dissertação 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z