http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/56996 2026-05-16T09:11:17Z 2026-05-16T09:11:17Z Souza, Lilian Glória Xavier de http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/85388 2026-04-07T16:57:12Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Distribuição geográfica, morfologia dos dentículos dérmicos e níveis de contaminação por metais em elasmobrânquios do Atlântico Sudoeste: a raia costeira Zapteryx brevirostris e o tubarão pelágico Megachasma pelagios Autor(es): Souza, Lilian Glória Xavier de Abstract: Sharks and rays play a crucial role in structuring marine ecosystems, occupying diverse trophic levels. However, this group faces increasing threats, such as overfishing and habitat degradation, necessitating urgent conservation strategies based on accurate biological data. The aim of this thesis was to review the distribution limits of the endemic ray Zapteryx brevirostris and to characterize the occurrence and ecology of the Megamouth Shark, Megachasma pelagios, in the Southwestern Atlantic. The study was divided into three main approaches. First, the distribution review of Z. brevirostris, based on scientific collections and literature, redefined its geographic limits from the Doce River mouth, Espírito Santo (19ºS), to the Falkland/Malvinas Islands (53ºS). This new southern limit extends the species' known distribution by over 2,000 km, suggesting the influence of biotic factors in the north and abiotic factors in the south. Regarding the shark M. pelagios, the third record in Brazil (Piauí) was described based on molecular identification using the ND2 gene. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the dermal denticles of this specimen (a neonate) exhibit a morphology distinct from that observed in adults, indicating ontogenetic changes. Finally, the isotopic composition of the neonate was investigated via δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes. Contradicting independent feeding, the isotopic signatures reflected maternal nutritional investment originating from oligotrophic waters of the Tropical Atlantic Ocean. The low mercury concentration corroborates the neonatal stage, while elevated levels of aluminum and lead indicate maternal offloading of these elements. These results establish a critical baseline for monitoring rare and data-deficient species in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. Tipo: Tese

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Quirino, Tatiana Feitosa http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/84820 2026-02-18T21:18:08Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Aspecto da história natural e análise genética de duas espécies da família Odontophrynidae do Nordeste Brasileiro Autor(es): Quirino, Tatiana Feitosa Abstract: The Neotropical region harbors the highest abundance of anuran amphibians in the world, with 8,729 species currently described, of which 1,144 are recorded for Brazil. Studies involving population ecology help to understand species abundance and distribution processes, their relationships with environmental characteristics, interactions, and phylogenetic proximities. The morphological similarity of some animal populations complicates their identification, causing confusion regarding their actual distribution, particularly when there is geographic variation among populations. Our objective was to describe the genetic structure, analyze morphometric, bioacoustic variation, and ecological parameters in populations of Proceratophrys renalis and Odontophrynus carvalhoi in areas of Northeast Brazil. So far, these species have been recorded in high- altitude swamps, regions within the Caatinga domain representing isolated fragments of Atlantic Forest and Amazonia, which serve as refuges for relict fauna and flora, potentially characterizing these regions as important centers of endemism. Thus, this work aims to primarily revise the taxonomy and haplotypic structuring of populations of P. renalis and O. carvalhoi present in high-altitude swamps in Ceará and along their distribution in the Northeast. To this end, sequences of the mitochondrial gene 16S rDNA were obtained from muscle tissue and subsequently sequenced and analyzed, as well as sequences deposited in GenBank. Morphometric and meristic characters were analyzed through a sampling of specimens deposited in herpetological collections containing representative materials of the group. Specimens' calls were obtained through recordings during the reproductive period and using calls available in the Neotropical Sound Archive Jacques Vielliard (FNJV) of the Audiovisual Collection of the Museum of Biological Diversity of Unicamp, which were analyzed through spectrograms and oscillograms. The morphology and characteristics of tadpoles were also observed. For ecological parameters, the composition of helminths and parasitological descriptors of an O. carvalhoi population, and the reproductive behavior among P. aff renalis males, were considered. Tipo: Tese

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Silva, Francisca Mariana Rufino de Oliveira http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/81587 2025-07-16T13:44:34Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Ouro negro, custo verde: derramamentos de óleo e seus impactos na biodiversidade brasileira Autor(es): Silva, Francisca Mariana Rufino de Oliveira Abstract: Oil and its derivatives are a complex mixture with high toxicity to living organisms. Nevertheless, there is currently a high commercial demand for this product, which is reflected in the increased exploitation of primary sources, the installation of a larger number of refineries, and growing logistical traffic. Unsurprisingly, these are the most vulnerable points in the oil chain when it comes to incidents that result in spills and environmental contamination, causing impacts on biodiversity. However, data on the number of accidents occurring in Brazil, as well as the impacts on biodiversity, are still incipient and have not been systematized. Thus, this thesis aims to evaluate the issue of environmental disasters caused by oil spills from two perspectives: a historical analysis of accidents that occurred in Brazilian territory and an ecological assessment of the impact of this product on biodiversity. The methodologies used were a narrative review study for the first aspect and a scoping review for the second. The Scielo, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were chosen for the document research of the narrative review. For the scoping review, the evaluated study databases were Scielo, Web of Science, and Science Direct, as well as the platforms Google Scholar and the CAPES Theses and Dissertations Catalog for grey literature. Fourteen oil spills or oil slicks were identified in Brazilian territory. Most events occurred in the southern and southeastern regions (five events in both), followed by the northeastern region (four events) and the northern region with only one event. In total, an estimated volume of approximately 16,000 tons of oil or oil derivatives spilled in Brazil. The structure most frequently related to the disasters was the material transport pipelines. Regarding ecological studies, 65 works were selected, including 49 primary articles, 12 master's dissertations, and four doctoral theses. The studies revealed that the most studied groups were invertebrates (17 studies), followed by bacteria (13 studies) and vertebrates (7 studies). There were more studies evaluating communities (48 studies) followed by populations (9 studies). It was possible to conclude that the changes due to oil contamination were reversible over time for some taxonomic groups. Additionally, it was shown that offshore spills are under-sampled. These data become relevant with the likely exploration of the region known as the Equatorial Margin, which includes the mouth of the Amazon River, an area of great biodiversity and high environmental sensitivity. Tipo: Tese

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Silveira, David Aurélio Lima http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/81324 2025-06-17T15:53:14Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Gestão de unidades de conservação no Brasil: desafios e oportunidades Autor(es): Silveira, David Aurélio Lima Abstract: Biodiversity conservation and sustainable development are central challenges of environmental management in Brazil, where Protected Areas play a strategic role. The challenges, opportunities, and strategies of Protected Area management in Brazil were analyzed with the aim of identifying pathways to promote biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. This study examined, in an interdisciplinary manner, three main axes: factors compromising management efficiency, the role of public concessions, and the potential of sustainable tourism. The analysis, based on a descriptive methodology, revealed structural barriers such as the scarcity of financial and human resources, institutional fragmentation, and the lack of effective community participation. Concessions were identified as support instruments for management, provided they are aligned with conservation objectives, with state monitoring being essential to prevent conflicts between economic and environmental interests. Sustainable tourism was found to be a practice with the potential to reconcile conservation and local development, provided it is guided by rigorous planning, appropriate regulation, and continuous monitoring. It is concluded that strengthening governance, promoting interinstitutional integration, and engaging local communities are fundamental for Protected Areas to consolidate themselves as spaces that balance environmental protection, socio-environmental justice, and the generation of economic benefits. Tipo: Tese

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