DSpace Coleção:http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/238482024-03-28T09:11:23Z2024-03-28T09:11:23ZA construção da identidade autista e neurodivergente: considerações teórico-críticas à luz da teoria psicanalíticaSilva, Távina Romãohttp://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/764752024-03-12T14:11:59Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: A construção da identidade autista e neurodivergente: considerações teórico-críticas à luz da teoria psicanalítica
Autor(es): Silva, Távina Romão
Abstract: Autism is a topic that generates divergences and a reason for dispute in several fields that intend to study it. Currently, it is possible to notice a very intriguing phenomenon: autism constituted as a question of identity, related to the perspective and the Movement for Neurodiversity. This perspective argues for the recognition of human brain diversity and positions autism as a brain difference. Furthermore, it advocates the existence of an “autistic and neurodivergent identity”. In this context, a study was carried out on the construction of identity of people who recognize themselves as autistic and understand themselves as neurodivergent. The research corpus was composed of first-person narratives, which were analyzed based on a theoretical-critical reflection supported by contributions from the psychoanalysis of Freud and Lacan. As specific objectives, we sought: a) investigate, based on the notion of identity and the concept of identification, in Freud and Lacan, how autistic identity is constituted; b) map, in the narratives, the decisive moments relating to recognizing oneself as autistic; c) analyze, through first-person narratives, how the “autistic identity” is articulated with the perspective of neurodiversity; d) reflect on how, based on the recognition of oneself as autistic and neurodivergent, narratives are constructed that give new meaning to people’s life stories and project a future based on “autistic identity”. To this end, initially, a historical review of autism was carried out, with a view to demarcating the transformations through which the topic has gone since the clinical description published by Leo Kanner to the current moment in which the emergence of the neurodiversity perspective is perceived. Then, a theoretical study was constructed on the concept of identification, the constitution of the Eu and the notion of identity based on psychoanalytic theory, considering, above all, Freudian, Lacanian and commentators’ indications on the subject. Furthermore, an analysis of first-person narratives was carried out, selected from three published works, with a view to tracing a path of understanding regarding the aforementioned identity construction. At these moments, psychoanalytic theory was a guide for the work carried out, considering its use as a critical social theory, interested in the subject’s entanglement with social and political phenomena. The analysis carried out based on the narratives reveals the strong presence of imaginary identifications, despite neurodiversity being produced discursively as an articulation of signifiers present in contemporary culture. In this way, this dissertation aimed to make use of psychoanalytic contributions, as far as it is appropriate, to outline research possibilities regarding the mentioned context, as well as to provide theoretical-critical reflections on the topic.
Tipo: Dissertação2024-01-01T00:00:00ZUma compreensão crítica do conceito de fascismo: reflexões contemporâneas à luz do pensamento de Theodor W. AdornoAraujo, Keilane Ferreira dehttp://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/764512024-03-11T14:11:31Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Uma compreensão crítica do conceito de fascismo: reflexões contemporâneas à luz do pensamento de Theodor W. Adorno
Autor(es): Araujo, Keilane Ferreira de
Abstract: This research investigates the concept of fascism in the work of Theodor W. Adorno and
elaborates the current reading of the concept, promoting an analysis of Adorno's
understanding of fascism in the light of Brazilian reality, in dialogue with the philosopher
Marcia Tiburi. In the wake of the major events that mark the beginning of the 21st century,
widespread democratic crises and recessions stand out in contemporary societies. The first
two decades of the century were marked by capitalist crises, a neoliberal avalanche, protests
and rebellions around the world, culminating in large mass movements and democratic
setbacks, favoring far-right, authoritarian and anti-democratic discourses. Amid complex
socio-cultural and political dynamics, we witness the reappearance of fascist movements on a
global scale, including in Brazil, contradicting the idea that the phenomenon was restricted to
the past. Methodologically, the study takes the form of a theoretical and bibliographic
research, using the Primacy of the Object and the method of the Constellation of Adorno for
mapping, analysis and elaboration of discussions, under the bias of Critical Theory. As a
result, we arrive at six conceptual constellations of fascism in Adorno, namely: constellation
1 - The existence of emotional projectism in fascism; constellation 2 - Fascism is the "us
versus them" movement; Propaganda is the political substance of fascism; Constellation 4 -
Fascism as Dehumanization and Destruction; Constellation 5 - Fascism with farce and
unreality and Constellation 6 - Fascism as a lasting threat that adapts periodically. In this
aspect, the multiplicity and conceptual faces of fascism found in the light of Adornian
assumptions reveal its consistency and its ideology invariably rooted in the Brazilian reality.
Without losing sight of the historical character, we approach the concept of fascism in a
dialectical and material way, articulating it with the objective reality of Brazil in the last
decade, concluding that fascism is a broad, complex and dense phenomenon, at the same time
immersed in an ambivalence of hatred and denial of self and of the other. Finally, what
prevails is that fascism, far from being a static and self-given phenomenon, continues to
coexist in the midst of democracies, corroding them from within, without ever disappearing
completely. Therefore, our ethical-political commitment is based on the task of working on
the recurrent exercise of not allowing its oblivion and on its objective combat. In denouncing
what cannot be repeated or, in Adorno's words, "so that Auschwitz does not repeat itself."
Tipo: Dissertação2024-01-01T00:00:00ZO conceito de cyberbullying: uma análise de vídeos no YouTube a partir da Teoria Crítica da SociedadeOliveira, Inês Falcão Nogueira dehttp://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/763972024-03-06T12:27:49Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: O conceito de cyberbullying: uma análise de vídeos no YouTube a partir da Teoria Crítica da Sociedade
Autor(es): Oliveira, Inês Falcão Nogueira de
Abstract: Cyberbullying is defined as the use of technological tools with the purpose of intentionally
harassing, embarrassing or humiliating an individual or group through virtual means. Because
it is a social phenomenon that occurs in virtual environments, cyberbullying is a type of
online violence with the properties that digital media provide, such as the permanence of
published content, greater visibility, the possibility of sharing and an alleged idea of
impunity. Advances in technology continually open up new possibilities, which makes online
aggression dynamics complex and cyberbullying has different definitions and nomenclatures,
which causes confusion around this concept. Cyberbullying has been the subject of study by
the scientific community, portrayed in the digital media itself and discussed in educational
and online contexts, which makes the topic highly relevant today. Among the spaces where
content about cyberbullying appears, the video sharing platform YouTube emerges, whose
audiovisual materials have a wide reach and are capable of influencing the opinion and
behavior of its users. Thus, this research aims to analyze how the concept of cyberbullying is
portrayed by videos on this topic on YouTube. The research's theoretical-methodological
approach is based on the perspective of the Critical Theory of Society, a journey produced by
the authors of the Frankfurt School, especially the theorists of the 1st generation, Theodor
Adorno and Max Horkheimer, so that the analysis of the material collected in the research
was guided by the principle of the primacy of the object, thus revealing the contradictions of
society inherent in the object itself. The theoretical constructs of researchers from Frankfurt
who currently deal with issues related to cyberbullying were used. The research also proposes
to deepen the look on the scientific production published on the CAPES, BVS and Scielo
platforms between 2016 and 2021 on cyberbullying, establishing a critical view of these
publications from a systematic review. Through the search for the term cyberbullying on
YouTube, the 10 most viewed videos on the platform, spoken in Portuguese, were
selected. After analyzing the material found, the videos were divided into three categories,
based on what the videos revealed about the object under study: Cyberbullying and the
respectable public, Cyberbullying in the educational context, The victim of cyberbullying.
The research seeks to contribute to the reflection on cyberbullying, the use of the digital scope
to elucidate this phenomenon, as well as how it seeks to contribute to the construction of
changes in human relationships and the promotion of the subject's emancipation through
critical reflection of reality.
Tipo: Dissertação2023-01-01T00:00:00ZEntraves no acesso à saúde para pessoas não binárias e multiplicidade ontológica legal em territórios brasileirosBonassi, Brune Camillohttp://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/762082024-02-21T13:51:03Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Entraves no acesso à saúde para pessoas não binárias e multiplicidade ontológica legal em territórios brasileiros
Autor(es): Bonassi, Brune Camillo
Abstract: Access to healthcare for non-cissexual populations in Brazil faces several obstacles. In general,
structural prejudice, the non-availability of medications for hormonal therapy, the lack of team
training in the professional teams, the absence of a singular therapeutic project, and the long
history of pathologization have a direct impact on that. In non-binary people, other factors
hinder this access, such as the lack of intelligibility that leads professionals to seek to hormonize
in a binary way, with the same protocols; or, even, the architecture of health centers and other
places in the network, which, by offering only binary bathrooms, exert a silent and cisnormative
pressure on bodies. This thesis aimed to map this field, which so little research has covered.
More specifically: a) raise questions about non-binary “identity” in public policies, b)
historically contextualize the perverse trail of pathologization and arising body effects; and c)
launch proposals to improve the reception and care of non-binary people in the public health
network. Its justification lies in the need to observe and enforce the guarantees of a fundamental
right, which is access to health, regardless of gender identity. Its methodological inspiration
was the feminist autoethnographic practice and gender studies, where I used the creative force
of critical fabulation to bring back the history of pathologization, but this time looking at nonbinary populations. The main contributions are in the field of public health policies, although it
is possible to find philosophical problematizations that can be expanded to other fields, mainly
civil law. This thesis is a material where professionals can seek information for their training,
as well as users can find out about their rights.
Tipo: Tese2023-01-01T00:00:00Z