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Ludicidade e tecnologias como ferramentas no ensino de anatomia: um estudo quase experimental

2025-12-19T14:04:06Z

Título: Ludicidade e tecnologias como ferramentas no ensino de anatomia: um estudo quase experimental Autor(es): Pimenta, Helder Bindá Abstract: Nowadays, the task of teaching is a great challenge, especially when we face several barriers in the teaching and learning process. In this study, the focus is on new anatomy teaching and learning solutions, such as playful experiences as a tool for improving anatomy teaching. This study examines how playfulness can contribute to improving anatomy learning. Based on these premises, the objective of this work was to investigate whether the use of a playful tool promoted meaningful learning. A quasi-experimental study with a quantitative approach was carried out with health sciences students. To evaluate learning, a teaching platform associated with playfulness with dolls was applied. In the study design, they were divided into two groups, one traditional and the other using play. No significant differences were detected between learning in relation to sex (P >0.05). The results demonstrate that there was a statistically significant difference in learning in the group that used playfulness with the tool when compared to the traditional group (p >0.05). Regarding motivational aspects, students who used playful activities demonstrated greater motivation for learning with the cadaver when compared to the traditional group (p>0.05). It was observed that the playfulness strategy promoted long-term learning when compared to the traditional group. The results provide evidence that playfulness works as an essential tool in the anatomy teaching and learning process. Tipo: Tese

Efeitos anti-inflamatório e osteoprotetor do extrato de Agaricus blazei: uma revisão de escopo e um estudo experimental em ratos submetidos a periodontite induzida por ligadura

2025-11-25T18:31:04Z

Título: Efeitos anti-inflamatório e osteoprotetor do extrato de Agaricus blazei: uma revisão de escopo e um estudo experimental em ratos submetidos a periodontite induzida por ligadura Autor(es): Angelino, Gisele Barreto Abstract: Periodontitis is a chronic infectious-inflammatory disease resulting from microbial dysbiosis in the supporting tissues of the teeth, associated with an immune response in susceptible individuals. Its treatment is based on scaling and root planing; however, considering the role of the host response in the etiology of periodontitis, adjuvant interventions are sometimes necessary to modulate inflammation and contribute to treatment success. In this context, the mushroom Agaricus blazei (Ag) stands out as a natural pharmacological agent with antioxidant, angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effects are poorly explored in periodontitis. Thus, the objectives of this study were: 1) to conduct a scoping review on the effects of Ag on inflammation and bone metabolism and 2) to investigate the anti-inflammatory and osteoprotective effects of Ag extract on inflammatory bone loss in Wistar rats with experimental periodontitis (EP) by ligature. For the first objective, two reviewers mapped 37 studies in six databases. The findings indicate that Ag plays a significant anti-inflammatory role in pathological conditions, which has resulted in an anabolic effect on bone. However, research with more standardized compounds is needed. For the second objective, the study sought to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and osteoprotective effects of the Ag extract administered systemically and locally in periodontitis. To this end, 30 animals were divided into 5 groups (n=6/group): Naive (N), Experimental Periodontitis (PE), Ag-PROF at doses of 25 mg/kg p.o. (Ag 25) or 50 mg/kg p.o. (Ag 50) prophylactically 30 minutes before the induction of PE, as well as an Ag-TERAP group that received 50 mg/kg from the 5th day after PE induction (Ag50T) until euthanasia. For local administration, 24 animals were divided into 4 groups: Naive (N), PE, and Ag, receiving 1% Ag-PROF gel twice daily prophylactically, 30 minutes before PE induction, or therapeutic Ag-TER, from day 5 twice daily after PE induction until euthanasia. PE was induced in all animals, except in group N, by inserting a 3.0 nylon suture around the left upper second molar for 11 days, at which point they were euthanized and their maxillae removed for microtomographic, histological, histometric, biochemical, oxidative stress, and gene expression analyses by RT-pPCR. The extract at doses of 25 and 50 attenuated macroscopic and microscopic alveolar bone loss compared to the PE group. It stimulated bone remodeling, as well as improved organization and thickness of collagen fibers in the periodontal ligament. The antigen reversed the GSH levels found in PE, highlighting its antioxidant role. The antigen gel, prophylactically and therapeutically, attenuated alveolar bone loss by improving bone mineral density and increasing the number and function of osteoblasts; explained by the increased expression of beta-catenin and reduction of GSK3b and RANKL (p<0.05). Thus, we can infer that the antigen, systemically and locally, attenuated inflammatory alveolar bone loss and reduced oxidative stress, potentially representing a relevant, natural, and sustainable pharmacological strategy for the therapeutic management of periodontitis. Tipo: Tese

Ensino e aprendizagem em histologia: acesso, validação e usabilidade de tecnologias digitais

2025-10-23T11:28:36Z

Título: Ensino e aprendizagem em histologia: acesso, validação e usabilidade de tecnologias digitais Autor(es): Furtado, Ismael Pordeus Bezerra Abstract: The present thesis sought to investigate evidence, socioeconomic impact, study habits, practices of digital culture, evaluation and validation of digital technologies in the teaching of histology. This work is divided into three chapters in the form of Articles. The first seeks to investigate the impact of socioeconomic origin on study habits and access to technology for the learning of histology by Brazilian and African students and the general educational result in the discipline of histology during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out with nursing, pharmacy and biology students from the University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusophony (UNILAB). Of the 72 participating students, most were female, single and had an income equal to or less than one minimum wage. Smartphones and portable PCs were the preferred devices to access the internet and the YouTube platform to study histology. A significant association between internet use and socioeconomic factors was found in the lower levels of parental education. When comparing learning outcomes before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, all students who took the course during this period had significantly higher scores on the assessments. The second chapter deals with the validation of the content and technique of a virtual atlas for the teaching and learning of histology. A methodological study was carried out from June 2021 to April 2022, with the participation of 11 expert judges in the areas of morphofunctional sciences and 11 expert judges in information technologies. The sums of the Content Validity Index (CVI) were 0.85 for the subject and 0.91 for the atlas technique, respectively. During the pandemic, the use of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DTIC's) allowed students to continue in contact with the study of histology slides through virtual microscopy. The results suggest that the validated virtual Atlas was able to promote histology learning autonomously and independently of the physical laboratory. The Atlas was considered adequate to its proposal, understandable, accessible, attractive and capable of providing help in the study of Histology. The third article deals with the evaluation of the Usability of Virtual Histology, a virtual microscopy platform developed for the teaching of Histology. Using a mixed methodology – combining methods of a quantitative nature such as the System Usability Scale (SUS) and as a qualitative one, Laurence Bardin's Content Analysis. The study achieved a SUS score of 91.7, receiving the qualification of "Best Imagined" – an index of excellence in the SUS methodology. This work also sought to know the relevance of the study of Histology in the training of medical students at the Federal University of Ceará – participants in the research and to collect their criticisms and suggestions for the development of the Virtual Histology platform. Tipo: Tese

Adição da eletroacupuntura ao protocolo de fisioterapia para recuperação da sensibilidade tátil e função mastigatória em pacientes pós-cirurgia ortognática e mentoplastia: ensaio clínico randomizado

2025-08-18T11:35:59Z

Título: Adição da eletroacupuntura ao protocolo de fisioterapia para recuperação da sensibilidade tátil e função mastigatória em pacientes pós-cirurgia ortognática e mentoplastia: ensaio clínico randomizado Autor(es): Spinato, Itana Lisane Abstract: Orthognathic surgery is a procedure aimed at correcting dentofacial deformities, which can compromise masticatory function, facial aesthetics, and patients' quality of life. However, the postoperative period can be challenging, with changes in tactile sensitivity and masticatory muscle function. Physiotherapy has been used in the postoperative care of these patients, even without an established protocol. Electroacupuncture has been used as a complementary therapy for various conditions, but its effects on post-orthognathic surgery recovery remain underexplored. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of adding electroacupuncture to a physiotherapy protocol on the recovery of tactile sensitivity and masticatory function in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and mentoplasty. A single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted between March 2020 and January 2022. The sample consisted of 118 patients who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery combined with mentoplasty. Participants were randomized into two groups: the Physiotherapy Group (PG), which received a conventional physiotherapy protocol lasting 50 minutes, and the Physiotherapy + Electroacupuncture Group (P+EAG), which received the same physiotherapy protocol supplemented with electroacupuncture sessions lasting 30 minutes, using disposable needles. The electrical current was applied with the following parameters: repetition time of 1 second; (F1 = 10 Hz, F2 = 45 Hz; T = 220 ms). Interventions were performed once a week for six weeks, with weekly assessments and reevaluations at 3 and 6 months. The evaluated outcomes included tactile sensitivity, facial edema, mandibular range of motion, and masticatory quality. The results showed no significant differences between the groups regarding the recovery of tactile sensitivity. However, the P+EAG group showed a significant improvement in masticatory quality after 6 months of follow-up (P = 0.007; ES = 0.58). Regarding mandibular range of motion, the PG showed significant improvement in right and left laterality compared to the P+EAG (p < 0.001). There was no significant interaction between the groups regarding facial edema. In conclusion, the addition of electroacupuncture to the physiotherapy protocol did not accelerate the recovery of tactile sensitivity but improved masticatory quality after 6 months. The results suggest that electroacupuncture may be a useful tool for improving masticatory function in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and mentoplasty, although it did not demonstrate additional benefits in the recovery of tactile sensitivity, edema, or mandibular range of motion. Tipo: Tese