DSpace Coleção:

A gestão de resíduos sólidos nos municípios costeiros brasileiros e suas implicações para o desenvolvimento sustentável

2026-06-01T15:07:07Z

Título: A gestão de resíduos sólidos nos municípios costeiros brasileiros e suas implicações para o desenvolvimento sustentável Autor(es): Valentim, Breno Victor de Lima Abstract: The management of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Brazilian coastal municipalities represents a multidimensional challenge involving socioeconomic, infrastructural, environmental, and institutional aspects. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between socio-territorial characteristics and urban cleaning performance, measured by the Urban Cleaning Sustainability Index (ISLU), considering its interface with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A quantitative approach was adopted, analyzing 251 Brazilian coastal municipalities using secondary data from official sources. Normality tests and Spearman correlation analyses were applied to identify associations between ISLU and variables such as education level, waste collection, sewage access, urbanization, and environmental public policies. The results revealed significant interregional disparities, with better performance in the South and Southeast regions and lower indicators in the North and Northeast. A moderate positive correlation was observed between ISLU and socioeconomic variables, especially education level, highlighting the importance of education in promoting sustainable practices. In contrast, municipal environmental policies showed weak correlation with the index, suggesting limitations in their effectiveness and implementation. The analysis also identified inequalities related to race, revealing patterns of environmental racism in access to sanitation and urban cleaning services. It is concluded that MSW management goes beyond technical dimensions and is intrinsically linked to structural inequalities in the Brazilian territory. Therefore, strengthening intersectoral policies focused on environmental education, social inclusion, institutional cooperation, and socio-environmental justice is recommended to achieve the goals of the 2030 Agenda. Tipo: Dissertação

Metabarcoding revela a dinâmica espaço-temporal de protistas planctônicos em um estuário do semiárido brasileiro

2026-05-05T16:31:32Z

Título: Metabarcoding revela a dinâmica espaço-temporal de protistas planctônicos em um estuário do semiárido brasileiro Autor(es): Duarte, Gerusa de Freitas Sousa Abstract: Protists are eukaryotic microorganisms that play key ecological roles in aquatic ecosystems; however, little is known about their diversity in Brazilian semi-arid estuaries. In this context, environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a powerful tool for characterizing this diversity. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of protist communities in a semi-arid tropical estuary throughout 2022, considering three seasonal periods (rainy, transitional, and dry) and two plankton fractions: picoplankton (0.2 µm) and nano-microplankton (3.0 µm), based on sequencing of the V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), mean values, and ANOVA and Tukey’s tests, it was observed that the environmental variables exhibited strong spatial heterogeneity, with the lower portion showing higher values for salinity, depth of the euphotic zone, and dissolved oxygen, while the upper portion had higher concentrations of chlorophyll and nutrients. The protist assemblages were highly diverse and dominated by diatoms, varying along spatial and seasonal gradients. Alpha diversity, as indicated by the richness, Shannon, and Simpson indices, was highest during the rainy season and in the lower estuary, while the lowest values were recorded in the upper estuary, especially during the transition period. Analyses using Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) and Permutational Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) indicated that the taxonomic composition was primarily shaped by the interaction between seasonality and estuarine location, with beta diversity being predominantly explained by turnover. The linear regression model identified salinity and inorganic phosphorus as the main environmental factors influencing the larger organisms, whereas no significant environmental factors were identified for the smaller fraction. The results reveal complex spatiotemporal dynamics in the protist community, with a predominance of diatoms in the Pacoti River estuary, highlighting the importance of integrative approaches and long-term monitoring for the conservation of semi-arid estuaries in the face of anthropogenic pressures and climate change. Tipo: Dissertação

Boring activity of the sponge Cliothosa delitrix (Pang, 1973) (Clionaidae, Clionaida) in thermoresistant corals and the state of the art of the order Clionaida in Ceará

2026-03-27T16:56:33Z

Título: Boring activity of the sponge Cliothosa delitrix (Pang, 1973) (Clionaidae, Clionaida) in thermoresistant corals and the state of the art of the order Clionaida in Ceará Autor(es): Arruda, Mariany Oliveira Abstract: Cliothosa delitrix, a bioeroding demosponge of the family Clionaidae, stands out on reefs due to its high bioerosion rates in coral colonies, particularly under environmental stress conditions. This behavior makes it an efficient competitor in these environments, as bioeroding sponges erode the calcareous substrate. This process may be intensifying as a result of global climate change, contributing to the ongoing degradation of coral reefs. In this context, this study aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14, which aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans. The general objective of this study was to conduct the first ecological investigation of the developmental stages of C. delitrix and its occupation of colonies of the stress-tolerant coral Siderastrea stellata, comparing bleached and healthy individuals at the Pedra da Risca do Meio Marine State Park (PEMPRIM), as well as to record and describe species of the order Clionaida along the Southwestern Equatorial Atlantic coast (Ceará, Brazil). Specimens were collected through active intertidal searches and scuba diving along the Ceará coast and at PEMPRIM (15–30 m depth). After collection, organisms were preserved in 80% ethanol and identified in the laboratory based on spicule and skeletal preparations. Ecological data on C. delitrix were collected between March and July 2024, during the fourth global coral bleaching event. We obtained 50 × 50 cm photoquadrats along 20 m linear transects, yielding a total of 40 images per dive site. Each individual and its developmental stage were quantified, and occupied area (cm²) on coral colonies was estimated. Results indicate the presence of C. delitrix boring into both healthy and bleached coral colonies. Of the 347 coral colonies surveyed, ~52% were bleached and 48% showed no signs of bleaching. Among bleached colonies, 37.99% were bored by the sponge, whereas only 2.98% of non-bleached colonies showed bioerosion, suggesting greater vulnerability to C. delitrix colonization following thermal stress and mass bleaching events. No significant correlation was found between sponge boring and depth, indicating adaptation across depth ranges and highlighting coral availability and stress condition (i.e., bleaching) as the most important drivers of bioerosion. Additionally, five species of Clionaida were identified along the Ceará coast, including the first records for the Southwestern Equatorial Atlantic of Cliothosa delitrix and Cliona carteri (Clionaidae), Spirastrella hartmani (Spirastrellidae), and Placospongia giseleae (Placospongiidae), and confirmation of the Cliona celata species complex. These findings expand regional taxonomic knowledge and characterize the spatial occupation, developmental stages, and possible preference of C. delitrix for the massive coral Siderastrea stellata with higher boring rates in bleached colonies. The dissertation will be presented in two chapters: the first on the boring activity of the sponge Cliothosa delitrix, and the second on the state of the art of the order Clionaida in Ceará. Tipo: Dissertação

Avaliação bibliométrica da produção científica sobre poluição plástica marinha: uma análise de tendências, lacunas e perspectivas no Sul Global, Norte Global e Brasil

2026-03-26T13:05:51Z

Título: Avaliação bibliométrica da produção científica sobre poluição plástica marinha: uma análise de tendências, lacunas e perspectivas no Sul Global, Norte Global e Brasil Autor(es): Menezes, Eduardo Massey Lima Abstract: This study conducts a bibliometric assessment of scientific publication on plastic pollution in coastal environments, comparing the Global South and the Global North (1975-2024) and analyzing Brazilian output (1997–2024). The research hypothesizes that scientific production is disproportionately concentrated in the Global North, determined by consolidated scientific infrastructure rather than by the magnitude of environmental problems, tested through the Mismanaged Waste Index (MWI), shoreline length, and waste generation volume. A total of 13,385 international articles and 482 Brazilian publications were analyzed using Spearman correlation, bootstrap, Lotka's Law, and co-authorship network analysis. The results confirmed the hypothesis. Global production is heavily concentrated in the Global North: the ten most productive countries account for 60.9% of the literature, and China, the United States, and Italy alone represent 32.8% of the total - more than all of Latin America (7.1%) and far exceeding the African continent (<1%). North-North collaborations represent 57.2% of partnerships, against 10.8% for South-South. The negative correlation between production and MWI (ρ = −0.549) confirms that countries with the worst waste management publish the least, directly supporting the hypothesis. The correlation with waste generation (ρ = 0.729) requires critical analysis: the largest generators are the largest economies, meaning this result is mediated by GDP and population size, not by environmental engagement. At the national scale, the Southeast (45%) and Northeast (25%) concentrate 70% of Brazilian authors, while Maranhão accounts for only 0.5% and Piauí for 0.1%, despite their extensive coastlines. Brazil collaborated more with the United Kingdom than with Argentina and Peru combined. It is concluded that structural inequalities are reproduced both globally and nationally, and that equitable funding policies and South-South cooperation are essential to transform this scenario. Tipo: Dissertação