A educação de jovens e adultos e o direito à educação: concepções e olhares de educadores e gestores escolares a partir das políticas educacionais do município de Horizonte/Ceará

Abstract

Educating Youth and Adults is a teaching that comes through struggle and articulation undertaken by social movements gaining ground in the national context. The recognition of this as a public subjective right and articulated its inclusion in the Fund for the Maintenance and Development of Basic Education (FUNDEB), since 2007, are examples of important historical achievements for this type of education, since the previous funding period the implementation of this fund occurred sporadically handicapping processes continue their studies by graduating students of literacy programs. While that is proclaimed as a right can verify the absence of effective access among the adult population to the schooling process guarantees, which can be seen in fall enrollment indicators in terms of Union, States and Municipalities in the last six years (2007-2013). This situation is constituted as a phenomenon to be investigated, because the reality of educational systems presents contrary to the goals of universal access to basic education and reducing illiteracy posed by contemporary educational policies in Brazil result. Thus, this research - considering the school as a privileged locus of effectiveness of such policies and the municipality of Horizon / Ceará, as the context in which it expresses the phenomenon of reduced enrollments in adult education - main goal was to understand how conceptions and looks educators interfere in the dynamics of asserting EJA as a right in the school context in the municipality of Horizon / Ceará. To that end, we developed a qualitative approach, inspired by the collaborative action research, along with a school of public municipal Horizon / Ceará, using strategies such as approximation to reality: an exploratory study, survey and document analysis, reflection meetings on the practice and participant observation of daily practices. Were used as theoretical frameworks Freire (1967, 1987), Saviani (2007), Ponce (1995), Vieira Pinto (2003), Frigotto et al (2005), discussing elements related to education; Bobbio (2004, 1988), Cury (2002), and Vieira Freitas (2003) and Telles (1998, 1999), addressing the right to education; Arroyo (2007), Hadad and Di Pierro (2007), Paiva (2003), Di Pierro, Joia and Ribeiro (2001), Paiva (2009), Rummert (2007), exploring the Education of Youth and Adults; Ghedin and Franco (2011), Barbier (2002), Franco (2011), Ghedin (2005), Thiollent (1988), Pimenta (2005), addressing the investigative methods; Peroni (2003), Enguita (2001), Albuquerque and Vieira (2002), among others, discussing educational and school policies. The results show that the conceptions of teachers and school managers interfere dialectically in the dynamics of the EJA claim as a right the school context because sometimes favor the hegemonic neoliberal principles that have been printed in the educational policies of the late twentieth century and early XXI century, translated into elements such as competitiveness, accountability and performativity, decontextualized and ahistorical manner; sometimes take a stance against hegemonic privileging the subjects, their demands and identities.