Motilidade esofágica e influência de manobras inspiratórias padronizadas na pressão do esfíncter esofágico inferior de pacientes com esofagite erosiva leve

Abstract

The behavior of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) was studied by manometry in 21 healthy volunteers of both gender, aged 20-47 years who were divided into two groups: one group called the ESOPHAGITIS (GE) and a second group , the CONTROL group (GC). The GE was composed of 13 patients diagnosed with mild reflux esophagitis without hiatal hernia or hernias up to 2 cm. The GC was of healthy volunteers. A previous interview was conducted where the symptoms of patients was recorded by scores. The examination was performed with a probe Dentsleeve. The survey consisted of two phases. Initially standardized ventilatory maneuvers were performed: respiratory sinus arrhythmia (ASR), forced inspiration in the strength of a linear inspiratory resistance valve (Threshold ® IMT) with loads of 17, 35 and 70 cmH2O. Finally, after a standardized caloric meal, we proceeded to the observation of spontaneous transient relaxation of the LES (RTEEEIs) for one hour. All patients with esophagitis had heartburn. Regurgitation occurred in 84.6% and dysphagia in 69.2%. The basal LES pressure in subjects with reflux esophagitis was similar to the group of healthy volunteers (GC = 25.1 ± 4.1 versus 20.1 ± GE = 2.1, p = 0251). The maximum pressure during the maneuver of the EEI during the ASR was lower in GE (94.3 ± 9.4 mmHg versus 28.8 ± 13.85 mmHg, p = 0.046). The contraction of the LES pressure during inspiration with a load of 70 cmH2O was lower in the GC (166.6 ± 18 mmHg versus 121.2 ± 11.9 mmHg, p = 0.041). This pressure was positively correlated with basal LES pressure (r2 = 0.224; p = 0.023). The number of spontaneous relaxations of the LES per hour was higher in GE {[15 (6-20)] versus [22 (9-38)], p = 0.025}. The total duration of all RTEEEI was also higher in the GC (332.0 ± 72.1 versus 711.2 ± 131.3, p = 0.078), but did not reach statistical significance. The average duration of relaxation was not different between the two groups grupos (GC = 23.3 ± 2.2 versus GE = 28.2 ± 3.1; p= 0.337). We conclude that the contraction pressure of antireflux barrier in patients with erosive esophagitis is lower than in healthy volunteers, even when they have normal basal pressure of the LES.