Domesticação da saúva: avaliação da atividade alomonal de óleos essenciais sobre o comportamento da saúva do nordeste Atta opaciceps Borgmeier, 1939

Abstract

This investigation was conducted in the NUCLEF — Phytosanitary Experimental's Nucleus of the Center of Agrarians Science of the Federal University of Ceará, Campus of Pici, at Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil during the year of 2002. There were utilized 12 artificiais colonies, all in adult stage, of northeastern leaf cutting-ant, Atta opaciceps Borgmeier, 1939 (Hymenoptera:Formicidade). Five essentials oils were assayed such as: wood-candle oil (Vanillosmopsis pohlii), black-vulture's marigold oil (Porophyllum ruderale, Cass.), tipi oil (Petiveria alliaceae, L.), marigold oil (Tagetes minuta, L.) and pepper-alecrim oil (Lippia sidoides, Cham.) on 5 mg/50 ml in the solvent. The solvent used was acetone Analitical Grade. The mixture (oil + solvent) was placed, separately, in each filter paper with the aid of a graduate pipette in the dosages of 0 µg, 0,5 µg, 1,0 µg, 1,5 µg e 2,0 p.g for each treatment with three replications. The evaluation of the behavior of the researched insects was obtained through observation of five types of answers that integrated the cast of observations: access to the provision area (AAP), access to the filter paper (APF), territory demarcation in the provision area (MTAP), territory demarcation in the filter paper (MTPF) and exploration of the provision area (ELT). The used experimental outline was randomized blocks in an factorial 5x5x3 for the variable access to the filter paper (APF) and territory demarcation in the filter paper (MTPF) and 5x4x3 for the others. The average were tested to the confident level of lVo being used the Tukey's test and the association degree among the variables was measured through Pearson's correlation. For the parameters access to the provision area (AAP) and territory demarcation in the provision area (MTAP) the dose 1,5 pg showed the most efectiveness for the black-vulture's marigold oil (Porophyllum ruderale, Cass.), tipi oil (Petiveria alliaceae, L.), marigold oil (Tagetes minuta, L.) and pepperalecrim oil (Lippia sidoides, Cham.) although for the wood-candle oil (Vanillosmopsis pohlii) the dose of 2,0 µg showed the best result. For the variable access to the filter paper (APF) the dose of 1,5 µg showed alomonal effect during all assay for the blackvulture's marigold oil (Porophyllum ruderale, Cass.). For the variable territory demarcation in the filter paper (MTPF) the dose of 1,0 jig of wood-candle oil (Vanillosmopsis pohlii) presented alomonal effect. For the variable exploration of the provision area (ELT) the dose of 1,5 µg showed alomonal effect for the black-vulture's marigold oil (Porophyllum ruderale, Cass.) during all assay.