Estudo de métodos clássicos e numéricos para obtenção de esforços solicitantes em longarinas de pontes

Abstract

The structural analysis of bridges is one of the stages of structural design. This step can be done using several existing methods that were developed during history, some methods are quite old and are considered as classical and others are more current and have more accurate and realistic considerations. With these temporal differences between the existing methods, we tried to compare the efforts in bridge stringers between the simplified analysis and the finite element method, the former was developed using the Ftool software and the latter was developed in SCIA Engineer, a three-dimensional modeling software to obtain the efforts. The results achieved were: the graphical comparison between the diagrams, noticing the differences between the way the loads are distributed to the beam; the consideration of moments generated at the supports due to transversals, which was not considered in the classical method, and the average differences between the methods of 19% and 20% for the shear and bending moment, in the permanent loads, and 43% and 56% for the shear and bending moment, in the variable loads. This difference was due to the finite element method considering the resistance of other structural elements, such as slabs, stringers and the 2nd string, resulting in lower efforts in the analyzed string, while the classical method presents all efforts concentrated in the string, not considering any structural elements, only the string itself and the supports.