Caracterização de padrões pontuais de acidentes de trânsito aplicando as ferramentas de análise espacial

Abstract

This paper presents the use of point pattern exploratory spatial analysis tools to geographically characterize and distinguish the concentration of traffic accidents in Fortaleza, helping the identification of critical spots within the city ́s urban road network. The adopted methodology was applied to an accident database geocoded in a Geographical Information System plataform. Firstly, spatial statistical tools (nearest neighbour index and ellipses of standard deviation) were used to identify places with significant spatial and temporal concentrations. Following, the hierarchical technique was applied to identify spatial clusters by accident type, proving that this is an efficient tool with a huge potential to contribute in critical spot studies, as well as helping traffic engineers to program enforcement, engineering and educational actions in different scales.