Identificando overeducation no mercado de trabalho brasileiro

Abstract

Entering the job market is a unique moment that can directly influence an individual's professional career. In this context, the costs incurred during the search for a professional occupation can influence worker’s decision to accept a job that requires a level of formal education lower than he possess, which qualifies him with the status of overeducation. In this regard, it is proposed to work investigate the effects of this qualification on wage income as well as its consequences on working conditions in periods after entering the market. For empirical verification, two models are constructed: a recursive bivariate probit, which aims to estimate the probability of persistence in overeducation, and a mincerian equation adjusted to incorporate unobserved heterogeneity, in order to estimate the effect on wages. Both models are fed by data from the Annual List of Social Information (RAIS) in the years 2006 and 2015 and the Brazilian Classification of Occupations (CBO). It was found that the civil construction sector had the weakest association with overeducation, while the agriculture sector had the strongest association, in addition a negative relationship between the phenomenon and the size of the firm was also found. The results indicate that the condition of overeducation has a strong persistence characteristic, increasing the probability of an individual remains in this situation by approximately 37.38% after a period of nine years since entering the job market. In addition, the overeducation status is associated with a reduction in the salaries of people in this group by approximately 9.74%