Forno solar de baixo custo: construção e estudo da viabilidade térmica

Abstract

Solar energy is becoming the main energy alternative for the next generations, mainly because it is an inexhaustible source of energy and can partially replace non-renewable energies. Among the ways and means of capturing this energy and using it to our advantage, we have solar ovens, being a great option for their cost, maintenance, efficiency and for using a clean and easily accessible source of energy. The present work presents a box-type solar oven, manufactured using marine plywood, EPS styrofoam, mirror, glass, hinges and aluminum plate. The main objective for the construction of this oven was to create a cheaper and less polluting alternative to conventional ovens, thus benefiting people with lower purchasing power or who live in rural areas with difficult access. In this work, the entire project of this furnace will be presented, showing the physics involved in it, its construction, its cost and the results obtained in the test, confirming its thermal viability and its efficiency. The proposed solar oven presented a good efficiency in food baking, even though its time was superior to conventional ovens. The total cost for manufacturing was 186.00 reais and the calculated thermal yield was 52.5%, due to heat losses in the oven due to external factors. Finally, it was found that the solar oven is a viable equipment, mainly due to its low purchasing power and its efficiency in roasting food in which it can contribute to families that cannot own or maintain a conventional gas oven.