Biométrica de sementes, morfologia e crescimento inicial de cinco espécies arbóreas

Abstract

The planting of forest species seedlings has expanded its space over the years and the justification it is the growing global concern about environmental issues, particularly regarding forest restoration of degraded areas around the globe. Thus, the aim in this study was to obtain information about seed biometry, germination and initial growth morphology of Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd. (“ingá”), Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart. (“pereiro”), Chorisia glaziovii O. Kuntze (“paineira”), Tabebuia impertiginosa (“pau d’arco roxo”), Sterculia foetida L. (“chichá”). The seeds were collected in “FortalezaCE” except the “pereiro” specie that was coming from “Apunharés-CE”. After the collect they have been properly processed and packaged in impermeable containers under refrigeration. For biometrics analysis were used a sample of 100 seeds for evaluation length, width, thickness and diameter while the thousand seed weight was determined with eight replicates. In the morphological characterization of germination made to sowing 100 seeds of each species in disposable cups 200 mL with vermiculite and organic compound in the volumetric proportion 2:1 to registering daily events since the root protrusion to the expansion of the first eophylls. The study of initial growth of seedlings was carried out in two environments (greenhouse and sun) for six times (0, 21, 42, 63, 84 and 105 days after transplanting) arranged in an arrangement of split plot in a completely randomized model with six replications. Initially the seeds of the species were sown in pots of 128 cells containing vermiculite and organic compound (2:1) and when the seedlings had the first couple of fully expanded leaves held pricking to 15 x 27 cm polyethylene bags substrate containing soil base and organic compound (3:1). The variables studied were: height, leaf number, root length, stem diameter, dry weight of the above ground part, root dry mass, the relationship between height and stem diameter, the relationship between height and dry weight of the above ground part and index quality Dickson. All species showed asymmetric distribution frequency for the biometric features. Except from “ingá” who presented hypogeal germination, the other species presented epigaeous germination. The sun environment provided a better development of the seedlings of the species, with the exception to “paineira”, which developed better in a greenhouse.