Desenvolvimento e padronização (CLAE-DAD) e avaliação pré-clínica do extrato seco por spray dryer de Amburana cearensis A. C. Smith (CUMARU)

Abstract

In recent decades the production of phytotherapy has explored new technological possibilities as the production of standardized extracts dried. This stems from the advantages offered these products for solutions extrativas. The bark of the stem of Amburana cearensis (cumaru, Fabaceae) is a tree widely used in home practice of medicine popular northeastern indicated for the treatment of asthma. The plant has been used as feedstock in the production of active syrup cumaru by Public Programs of Phytotherapy and pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of this study was the development and control of the steps involved in the production of dry extract standardized Amburana cearensis and investigate its pre-clinical toxicity. For both, was selected developed the method of drying of the (drug plant) monitored by the determination of parameters such as moisture content and labels (coumarin and amburosídio A) determined by HPLC-DAD. In developing the method extractive, shape investigated the influence of some variables on the process (of maceration time / percolation, and volume of extraction% ethanol in water). The content of labels (response) was used as a criterion for evaluation. The statistical analysis, including analysis of the surface of the response showed that the extent that the content of ethanol (20, 60 and 100% in water) increases, increases the level of markers in the extracts, while the time showed a subtle influence in the process. The volume of extraction had an effect opposite to that observed for the content of ethanol. Thus, the method selected extractive obtained by macerating / percolation at room temperature understood: extractor solution: Ethanol 100%; volume of extraction: 200 mL and time of extraction: 24h). The best conditions for drying the extrtao of cumaru were the temperature of entry of 95 ° C and 25% of silicon dioxide, resulting in a yield of 40%. The toxicological evaluation preliminary pre-clinical in vivo - hipocrático test showed that the dry extract standardized cumaru (Coumarin: 123.0 ± 0.08 mg / g extract; amburosídio A: 496.8 ± 0.29 mg / g) has a low toxicity, but showed a cytotoxicity at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 μ g / ml in human neutrophil measured by the activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. The results of this study enabled the development of production methods, and analytical parameters that can be applied from the quality control of drugs to plant products such as dried extract of A. cearenis. Moreover, the toxicological evaluation pre-clinical allowed a preliminary overview of the degree of pre-clinical safety of the product.