Estudo sobre o bem-estar no trabalho à luz da psicologia positiva

Abstract

The Positive psychology studies the psychological foundations of well-being, happiness, grat-itude, hope, optimism, etc., relating them to the potentialities of the human being. Its focus is on human strengths and virtues, consisting of three pillars: 1) the subjective level, which refers to the study of experiences of value, whose interest lies in constructs as elements of happiness and well-being; 2) the individual level, which seeks to understand the characteristics and positive individual traits connected to the functioning of each person, such as interpersonal skills, generosity, love, etc .; 3) the group level, which studies civic virtues and institutions with positive characteristics and features, which contribute to individuals to become better citizens, focusing on responsibility, tolerance, work ethics, leading to happiness. Considering that Positive Psychology's ideology is to build physical, psychic and social environments pro-vided with quality of life, well-being and happiness, the movement of positive organizational studies is highlighted, which is directed to the understanding and potencial of the forces and strengths. Nevertheless, this does not mean disregarding the negative, since both the positive and the negative are inherent in relationships and human characteristics. This study aims to understand the practices that companies apply to promote well-being at work (BET). As spe-cific objectives, it intends: to define the meaning of well-being for the participants; to review studies on welfare and happiness at work in Brazil; to identify the consequences of practices that promote well-being, and to present the differences between welfare promotion practices of the researched companies. In order to better understand the studied phenomenon, it was chosen qualitative research, through semistructured interviews, which were developed based on the Appreciative Inquiry Protocol. The collected data were lexically analyzed, supported by the Iramuteq software. The results pointed out that BET has for the interviewed both posi-tive emotional aspects and achievement cognitive aspects; In addition, it can be seen that sim-ple practices, such as special emphasis on investment in employee education, can positively revolutionize the work context, modifying people's lives. A positive climate can be reached by encouraging positive relationships, with the encouraging of teamwork, as well as by a clear definition of the meaning of work among workers. It is relevant to register that the present study was the first dissertation that applied Positive Psychology scientific knowledge and method in organizational behavior field in the local organizational reality of the Region Oth-erwise previous research on the subject with similar theoretical and methodological approaches was carried out mainly in other Brazilian realities and Regions such as the Center-West, South and Southeast. It is expected a relevant contribution from the findings of the present research specially to the development and identification of well-being promotion practices and their consequents in the context of the local organizations.