Avaliação Ex post dos impactos ambientais na qualidade da água do mar da atividade portuária – estudo de caso do terminal portuário do Pecém

Abstract

The slow evolution of legislation, related to the licensing process in Brazil, provides a favorable scenario for discussions, mainly related to competence. The history of the licensing process, in the initial phase, of the Pecém Port Terminal is an excellent example of an enterprise that has experienced conflicts of competencies. The elaboration of environmental studies carried out through a consensus of a multidisciplinary team is one way of mitigating the qualitative characteristic of environmental studies. However, factors such as professional training and experience in the area of ​​the analyzed enterprise of the members of the multidisciplinary team, can generate very different evaluations. Such divergence is one of the factors that led to the objective of this research: to propose an ex post evaluation of the environmental impacts of the port activity. For this, the impact on the quality of sea water was chosen. With this, the seawater quality monitoring program was the source of the analyzed data. Secondary data from 5 monitoring campaigns were evaluated, with 20 different sampling points and collected at three depths obtained from the terminal's water quality monitoring program carried out by a company contracted by the Terminal. Sixty-four physical-chemical and biological parameters were analyzed, totaling 19,200 results. After a treatment of the volume of information found, including the application of the Ad-Hoc method with consultation to the specialists through the application of a questionnaire, with the purpose of despising any and all information without relevance, and a descriptive statistical analysis of the remaining data, it was possible to evaluate that the environmental impact caused in the quality of the sea water due to the port activity of the Terminal of the Pecém was not significant.