Proposta de melhorias no gerenciamento de prazo do processo de projeto de Arquitetura atendendo às particularidades de habitação de interesse social

Abstract

This paper aims to propose improvements for project development and management that meet the architectural features of Social Interest Housing (SIH) in the light of Lean Thinking (LT). From the hypothetical existence of a compromising situation in the pattern indicated, this work with an exploratory-descriptive and qualitative analysis presents itself as a research question: "how to improve the process of architectural design in the development of SIH?". This research proposes to employ lean tools of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to represent and analyze the flow of information over time of an administrative process for developing projects related to SIH. The tool was chosen because of the possibility to assess the flow of information over time and propose improvements in order to rationalise the current process of the project from the identification of factors that impair its development. The application methodology for this tool was based on proposals from the literature on the topic of MFV for employment in office environment. This work involves the application of steps 2, 4, 5 and 6 of the method proposed by Tapping and Shuker (2002) that from the choice of a value stream describes the current situation, adopted metrics of Permanence Length (PL) and Task Accomplishment Time (TAT) and mapping of defined future state to meet the client's demand. We present results as maps, current and future, with possible suggestions toimprove the process analyzed. The research strategy is a standard design case study approved by Caixa Economica Federal (CEF) for the Federal Government Housing Programme ‘Minha Casa Minha Vida’, whose value per housing unit meets the needs of SIH families that earn up to 03 (three) minimum wages. The survey, in the exploratory phase of this research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with the agents directly involved with the project, the architectural firm and builder, and extended by public sector and technical analysts directly linked to the process of project analysis at CEF. In the stage of data analysis, this study sought to identify improvements in the design flows studied, based on experiences and needs of the agents of such flows and analyze the applicability of VSM, made adjustments to the current maps obtained with the implementation of improvements identified and proposals for value stream maps for the future project development process have been built up. It is expected, from the improvement suggestions obtained as a result of this research, a social and economic impact in the project and above all to influence designers and professionals engaged in the building process to use the maps, in the compilation of important information about processes and use as a basis for setting guidelines and plans of action.