Uso do balanço hídrico climatológico como ferramenta de gestão dos recursos hídricos em Canindé-Ce

Abstract

In view of the historical and socioeconomic picture of great damages and environmental degradation caused by drought and the poor management of water resources in Ceará. Many researches and projects aimed at understanding the hydroclimatic regime of their municipalities have emerged as a way of understanding the potentialities and limitations of the different areas and thus help to create and maintain public policies for socioeconomic development and environmental preservation. The objective of this work was to study the water regime of the municipality of Canindé by calculating the climatological water balance and the delimitation of standard years: dry, usual, and humid, in a historical series from 1974 to 2004. Four rainfall stationswere defined within the limits of the municipality, where precipitation data were obtained correspond to the standard years obtained previously. The temperature values were estimated using the software Celina according to the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the municipality. With these data of temperature and precipitation as input values for the calculation of the water balance, the variables evapotranspiration, potential, surplus, and water deficit were generated. That through GIS software were spatialized, analyzed and discussed. It was possible to conclude that the water loss due to evapotranspiration in Canindé is much larger than the precipitation input volume during the year. And that even during the wet years due to the spatial and temporalirregularity of the Canindérainfall still shows high values of water deficit. Being a municipality that suffers constantly from lack of water, difficulties in the development of its family agriculture, and of its other productive sectors. It needs public policies as a matter of urgency to avoid accelerated environmental degradation, a more optimized and efficient management of water resources, and investments in the social, economic, and technical development of the population, for a more harmonious andsustainable coexistence with the semi-arid.