Impactos do manejo florestal na composição florística da Caatinga

Abstract

The caatinga is a Brazilian biome located in the northeastern of the country, characterized by low pluviosity and long periods of drought. In order to survive these conditions, native vegetation has a large capacity for regeneration and several adaptations to reduce water loss. This vegetation is exploited for different purposes, either for energy production (firewood and charcoal), for foraging or is suppressed to give opportunity to other activities, such as livestock. It is necessary to know this biome better so that it can be explored without compromising its productive capacity. This study was realized on a farm at Croata district, São Gonçalo do Amarante City, Ceara Estate. The area is submitted to a sustainable forest management plan since 1996. The objective was to evaluate the vegetation behavior over time. For this, a forest inventory was carried out in 2008 and another in 2016 to obtain the floristic composition, density, dominance, coverage value index, importance value index and volumetric composition of the species present in this area. These parameters were used to analyze the floristic behavior. Sabia, Catingueira, Marmeleiro, Jurema Branca, Mofunbo, Jurema Preta e Tiririca were the seven (7) species with the highest index of importance and highest index of cover value found in the two surveys, showing that the vegetation keeps the similar behaviors over the years. The growth in volume was also satisfactory, since in the initial survey there was verified an average annual increase of 13.92 stereos per hectare per year, while in 2016 there was a growth of 17.24.