Dilemas e perspectivas de institucionalização das finanças solidárias: a experiência dos bancos comunitários no Ceará

Abstract

The process of institucionalization of the experiences about solidary finances focalizing the communitarian banks happened due the public financing of the Federal Government since 2013. It intends to understand the singularity, the dynamics and the reach of these practices in the context of the financial mundialization. It emphasizes the combative strategies to the poverty. These strategies are based on the financial inclusion by the microcredit. The main question of this thesis is to analyse the aspects of the process of the constitution of the political and institutional organization of these experiences. I asked as they caused a complex net of social relations involving the State, the Market and the society, striking again on the public policies. It was based on the difused model by Palmas Bank, since 1998, and more recently, by Palms Institute. The communitarian, joinly with solidary credit and the rotative, and solidary founds configurate a set of practices and social representations designated the therm solidary finances. The supervisiors principles of this work are based on solidary economy. The field work was based on the communitarian banks placed in low IDH territories. These banks were managed by linked entities and communitarian associations, syndicates and women groups, young and familiar agricultores. These banks are the Dendê sol Bank (Fortaleza), Paju Bank (Maracanau) and the Quinamuiu one (Tauá). The field inversion counts with the presence in the headquarters of the Palmas bank and Institute (Fortaleza). I Also participated in events and I realized readings of vast and especialized bibliografy. According to a multidisciplinar approach involving Political Sociology, Antropology and the analysis of public policies, I explored the research investigations according to the references of the study of case method described for Gluckman (2010) and situational analysis from Van Velsen (2010). The results indicated that the institucionalization process of the communitarian banks created mutual relations among government organizations and the civil society joinning diferent logics of action. This fact create dilemmas and different perspectives of instituciolnalization mainly, in the bounds and cleavages between the financial inclusion and the economic democracy, social, politic and cultural aspects in the analysed experiences in order to invent alternatives to the financial mundialization.