Estruturas essenciais de avaliação de programas de residência multiprofissional em saúde da família: uma proposta de autoavaliação a partir dos casos de Sobral e Fortaleza

Abstract

The multi professional residence in Family Health appeared in Brazil in the mid-90`s in response to demands coming from the Family Health Program which required qualifications from their health professional team to work within the principles of Primary Health Care. Since then, this type of formation in service has been defended like a powerful strategy to accomplish the union education-work-health in UHS(Unified Health System). However, some indefinitions in the pedagogical and methodological areas have constituted challengeswhich need to be overcome, mainly in the evaluation area, due to lack of minimal parameters, or the incipience of methods and instruments. This study has as an objective to elaborate a self-evaluation proposal for Multi professional Residence Programs in Family Health, guided by the structural-systemic reference(Lima, 2008), and starts out of the analysis of the Pedagogical-Political Projects of Programs in Sobral and Fortaleza. This work presents a qualitative approach characterized by incorporated multiple study, documental and bibliographic researches. It was held between May,2011 and January, 2012. The data collection consisted of Political-Pedagogical Projects in two units of analysis (Sobral and Fortaleza) which aimed the identification of the essential structures of evaluation and validation of these structures by the experts, where during the consecution of each step, appropriate instruments and collection techniques were used, such as filing guides and specialist overview. Seven teachers were considered as specialists, as well as two coordinators and five residents in the Program. The pieces of information from the validation were analyzed considering the panelists` contribution in multi professional residences. It was also made use of thematic analysis (Minayo,2008) for the specialists` contributions. The validated structures revealed that the Multi professional Residence Programs in Family Health in Ceará really need to review their pedagogical proposals, as well as the principles of UHS(Unified Health System), especially concerning integrity. It is also necessary to consider the diversity of learning scenarios, besides the institutional and regional realities, where a permanent dialogue should exist with the quadrilateral lines of formation: attention, management, teaching and social control. The structures of the program management, its context, curriculum and research were pieces of news well accepted by specialists, putting in evidence situations that are little discussed and evaluated in residences, such as: scientific production, social responsibility actions held by the communities, as well as the perception of workers and users on the contribution of multi professionals for the improvement of the health care quality in Family Health Strategy. Based on the specialists’ reports, we can infer that the moment of validation has caused some reflections and the need for using self-evaluation as a strategy to improve the program. The adjustment of validated structures to other program realities was also mentioned by the specialists like something possible to be done. The adaptation and the validation of essential structures in multi professional residence programs in Family Health in Ceará outstand the importance of a self-evaluation proposal which can provide the improvement of the traditional evaluations. With that, it will be possible to attain such an inventive process so desired by the residences.