Avaliação de projetos de financiamento a longo prazo via teoria das opções reais: estudo propositivo

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze a model to assess long-term financing of projects in the light of the theory of real options (TRO) by applying in hypothetical case study for implementation of steel industrial projects. Real options were applied in modeling and evaluation of an investment project leveraged by debt contracted with a hypothetical development bank which operates in a manner similar to the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES) and Northeast Bank of Brazil (BNB), considering possible financial flexibility during the execution of the project and the need to pay the debt generated from the investment. For this, we modeled the main options found in a typical implementation project with debt as expansion option, divestment option, contraction and also the default option by alternating combinations of interest rates, contracted debt volume, maturity and grace period. It was found that, in general, real options combined to increase the cash flow in the long term (expansion options) tend to react heterogeneously to changes in the funding profile for the project, enabling the financial intermediary to scale the profile of the financing to the dynamic risk involved in the project. In view of this, it is analyzed a method of analysis of economic and financial viability in the light of the theory of real options (TOR) which complement amplitude analysis of managerial flexibility and the risk of default of the borrower's financing to the traditional deterministic method.