A pedagogia socialista de Makarenko: notas pedagógicas

Abstract

This text, in addition to promoting the work and ideas of the Ukrainian socialist educator Anton Makarenko and his eminent struggle for education, seeks to reflect on the relevance of his pedagogical legacy for human development. Makarenko devoted his life to educate, develop and build an educational process based on the socialist thought. His work was particularly focused on the education of children and adolescents abandoned and oppressed by the structure of the Tsarist dictatorship in the Russian Empire. Makarenko’s pedagogy became famous for the beauty of his educational and social work, articulated in said instances as socialism or real socialism. Especially his work together with other socialist educators turned education into the art of teaching and learning, creating a school and a life in motion. Movements and constant political mobilization constituting, in daily social relations and struggles, real workshops of art-education, life and work. The educationalist associated the education to the needs of the collective, the historical reality that both community and society needed at the time. Author of several books, such as The Pedagogical Poem, Flags on Towers, The Book for Parents and Problems of Soviet School Education, the aforementioned educator describes, in his works, his educational experience in Soviet Union dealing with the building of the socialist school. These volumes mark the life of Makarenko and the critical education, and they address the first lessons of socialism in the Soviet Union also working, among other relevant topics, the foundation of the music band, the theater group and its many artistic and cultural activities developed by the Gorky Colony community. This educator’s work at Gorky Colony and Dzerzhinsky Commune shows the real possibility of meneducators to take transforming steps in their lives. The life story of Makarenko, the social struggles, the speeches, the pedagogical discourses, social praxis, his political engagement in the development of a theory of education and a socialist school turned this man-educator into a true defender of the interests of the underprivileged.