Enquadramento de corpos d’água no nordeste brasileiro como instrumento de gestão e sustentabilidade ambiental: o caso da bacia hidrográfica acarape do meio - ce

Abstract

The State of Ceará has become a watershed in the management of water resources in Brazil for being one of the first States in the approval of the state law of water resources and for having the first experience in Brazil in charging for using gross water However this huge breakthrough was not enough to implement one of the most important management tools the framework of water bodies the more precise tool to link water resources and environmental managements The disinterest and difficulties to implement the framework in the semiarid region and Brazil of northeast lies in the fact that the available water is derived from stored water by intermittent rivers that flow in uncertain four months of the year lack of public policies that still allow the absence of sanitation transform their reservoirs in warehouses of untreated effluents and a lack of a pragmatic methodology that can stimulate collegiate bodies of water resources to implement this instrument Even with the 357/2005 CONAMA resolution and the 91/2008 CNRH resolution which define quality standards and a flowchart with procedures for implementing the framework these tools are still ineffective in the semiarid region whose only certainty is periods of water scarcity This research has proposed a challenging and different methodology which innovates in the social axis when working with Water System Managing Committees rather than simple public consultations with the creation of a Working Group within the Basin Committee as an arm of itself and provide scientific tools that can assist in the process of diagnosis prognosis and monitoring of goals For the modeling of water quality at the Pacoti River the QUAL-UFMG model was used taking into account monitoring data of DO BOD phosphorus and coliform thermotolerant at the control sections for its calibration and validation For the modeling of water quality at the Acarape reservoir an innovative model called QUAL-HIDROSED was proposed with focus on the simulation of the total phosphorus parameter The diagnosis revealed that the entire stretch of the Pacoti River and the reservoir are in class 4 One of the most important products of this research was the approval by the Basin Committee of the first framework proposal for a reservoir in the northeast region depending on the storage volume and phosphorus load Recently this framework proposal was submitted to the Water Resources Council of the State of Ceará as the first experience in framing of water bodies in the Brazilian northeast region