Compreensão das mudanças comportamentais do usuário no PSF por meio da participação habilitadora

Abstract

The understanding of health promotion as a "new model" which is central in the promotion of quality of life, and based on the primary principles of SUS, led to the Family Health Program. A different perspective on the subject of health care becomes necessary when moving from the individual to the community focus requiring a different approach to the organization of health care and therefore the approach taken by the service’s personnel. This redefinition of the objectives is not unilateral or isolated, but results from the interaction and participation of all the social agencies involved, professionals and clients. Therefore, this study examines the process of decision making which determines at which point in the disease process the PSF’s users are involved. This study is of a qualitative-descriptive nature, based on Prochaska e DiClemente’s Stages of Change Model. The research was developed with the participation of PSF’s users and the individual professionals within the multiprofessional care team, located in town of Crato, Ceará, Brasil. The data was collected by the use of a semi-structured interview, using focal groups and observation. The field study took place between the months of May and September, 2005. The data was analyzed according to Bardin’s (analysis of contents) Model, and subjected to theoretical referencing. The results made clear that there was evidence that the changes in participation occurred in the users of PSF were: Stage One, here the emphasis is on the illness and how it will specifically affect the client themselves. Stage two, here the clients wish to know how the illness will affect the family and what will be the main affects of the treatment. Stage three, here enquiring develops towards prevention of the disease in the family, and there is evidence that they starting to look beyond themselves to the community. In Stage four there is a reluctant but real tendency for the users to be autonomous in their care. Thus, the results seem to indicate an ascending learning movement towards participation by the users of PSF and that this movement is in the direction of Health Promotion.