Revisão do Resultado de Enfermagem comportamento de prevenção de quedas : análise de conceito e validação por especialistas

Abstract

The construction and evaluation of constitutive and operational definitions for the nursing outcomes, such as the Behavior for Falls Prevention, by the use of scientific rigor, are increasingly required. The correct assessment of the risk of falls in the patient provides a suitable and essential substrate to improve the plan of preventive care. Therefore, the development of parameters to measure the risk of falls, specifically in the hospital setting is essential, because it is an important indicator of the quality of care. Our hypothesis was based on this: the nursing outcome Behavior for Falls Prevention, as a component of a international classification as the NOC, when destined for a specific environment such as the hospital, could present difference between its indicators and those suggested by the literature and evaluated by experts, resulting the reformulation and identification of new issues concerning the patient’s health status, which may contribute to the incorporation of specific properties of hospital to the care. The general objective was to review the nursing outcome Behavior for Falls Prevention, concerning the nursing diagnosis Risk of falls for patients within a hospital. Methodological study approved by the Ethics Committee on Research and developed from April 2009 to June 2010. The constitutive and operational definitions were previously constructed by integrative research method and analysis of the concept "falls", by Walker and Avant model and by the use of seven criteria of psychometrics: Behavioral, Simplicity, Clearness, Accuracy, Authenticity and Ampleness. Subsequently, the constructed definitions were evaluated by experts into two phases. Experts were selected according to Fehring criteria, adapted for the study. We were submit 28 indicators to the content validation, of which 18 belong to the latest issue of NOC, five were new indicators, three were confounding variables and two were indicators of previous editions. Thus, we consider the behavior under the Prevention of Falls appropriate to evaluate the individual conduct to prevent falls and, therefore, recommend its preserve as a label of the NOC result; we were appreciate its inclusion in the Domain 4 / Class T as appropriate. Seventeen of eighteen indicators of the latest NOC issue were considered valid about the content except, Holds small rugs and those related to confounding variables, which were excluded. Therefore, 20 indicators were presented appropriate content to evaluate the behaviors of prevention of falls in hospital. We believe that the hypothesis of this research was confirmed because we identify the difference between NOC indicators and those identified in the literature and between them and those assessed by experts. Referring to the final product of the proposed review of the NOC nursing outcome Behavior Prevention of Falls, we emphasize the benefits of its implementing in the nursing practice, to manage the risk of falls in hospitals, to prevent the development of this adverse event and its complications.