Expansão metropolitana de Fortaleza e a produção do espaço de Pecém - São Gonçalo do Amarante - CE

Abstract

In the last two decades, the Ceará pass through socio-spatial transformations caused by State strategies to modernize the production structure and enter the global economy. The investments concentrate on three points: tourism, agribusiness and industry. From this State strategies have been installed in Pecém, São Gonçalo do Amarante district, city member of the member of the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza (RMF), one port and one industrial complex, that induced the metropolitan expansion to the west the RMF. The district has shown significant changes, characteristics of spaces into the metropolitan dynamic. The objective of this research was to analyze the changes in urban structure of Pecém, considering the diverse agents producers of space. Was made a periodization to help the identify the processes and their consequences in Pecém space. Was identify three periods: stage before port construction (1950 - 2000), where Pecém was a fishing village and summer vacation; stage port construction and consolidation (2000 - 2006), period with a lot of attraction of workers, causing reduction of summer vacation and the emergence new spatial dynamics; and the consolidation stage of the industrial complex (2006 -2013), the changes are intensified from the installation of the first industry and the attraction of construction workers to the Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (CSP) works. The current Pecém urban structure guard particularities of the stages previous as it results and interfere in social processes that are dynamic.