Ordenamento da pesca de lagosta (gênero: Panulirus) e a recuperação da sustentabilidade das pescarias no litoral do Brasil: uma proposta inovadora do ordenamento pesqueiro

Abstract

This thesis addresses the spiny lobster (genus Panulirus) fisheries management, the main export fishery product in Brazil, since the mid-1950, proposing at the end a set of innovative measures for implementation from 2015. It is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 deals with the history of the spiny lobster fisheries management in Brazil, it’s scientific basis and a discussion of the successes, frustrations and challenges for sustainable fishing of lobsters in this country. Chapter 2 presents a comparative analysis of the spiny lobster fishery management in Western Central-Atlantic Area. Develop a comparative analysis of measures for the lobster fishing adopted in Brazil and those existing in the countries of this region, its successes and failures in the search for responsible fisheries, concerning the environmental, social and economic sustainability. Discusses the spiny lobster fisheries management within the Fisheries Management Plan for Lobster in the Gulf of Mexico and the South Coast of the United States, the management of lobster fishing in the countries of the Organization of Fisheries and Aquaculture in Central America – OSPESCA; the lobster fishery management in Cuba and the in the 15 countries of the Caribbean Community – CARICOM, the spiny lobster fisheries management in Mexico, Colombia and Venezuela. Chapter 3 presents innovative proposals such as the implementation of the Zero Tolerance Program, Individual Transferable Quotas, compulsory landing of live lobster and a maximum landing size, plus the return of the ban on lobsters ovate landings, as a strategy planning fishing, besides proposing the continuation of measures of closure, minimum landing size, restriction on predatory fishing gear; limited access; remote tracking of fishing vessels; protection of natural breeding areas and the Lobster Origin Document. Finally the conclusions are reported.