Estudo sistemático da precipitação seletiva de Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) utilizando H2S gerado na hidrólise da Tioacetamida para aplicação no tratamento de resíduos aquosos da indústria de galvanoplastia

Abstract

The precipitation of metal sulfides is an important process to treat wastewater coming from industrial effluents from metal finishing Mostly because it is a viable alternative for the recovery and reuse of metals by controlling the pH becomes selective. This work studied the selective precipitation.of Cu2+, Zn2+-and Ni2+ using H2S(g) provided by the hydrolysis of thioacetamide. The studies were conducted in laboratory scale and in two steps. Firstly, studies were performed for each single metal ion (100 mg.L-1) were initially investigated the following parameters: setting up a reaction system, the pH range (0,5 a 6,0) and exposure time (30 -150 minutes). The studies showed that Cu2+ easily precipitated in the first 30 min at all pH values tested reaching 99,9% of removal. For the Zn2+ precipitation is preferred when the pH was between4.0 and 5.0, and optimum exposure time was 60 min, so that the precipitation was greater than 95.0%. The pH has influenced the process ion precipitation, and most influential for the Ni2+, starting from their precipitation at pH 6.0, and after 4 times of 30 min, adding an exposure time of 120 min so that its removal should be above 90%. In the second step, studies were conducted in binary and ternary mixture of ions from the values of pH and exposure time for individual study found. In summary, the results obtained in experiments conducted with the mixture of the ions correspond to the results obtained in the study of single metal, setting the pH value of 2.0 to precipitation of Cu2+, pH between 4.0 and 5.0 for precipitation of Zn2+ and pH = 6,0 for precipitation of Ni2+. For systems Cu2+ and Zn2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ results showed little interference of an ion in the precipitation of another, with the possible separation and precipitation of both above 90%. In addition to the study of the system Zn2+- Ni2+ was found that the rigid control of pH is critical to separate metallic sulfides pKps very close to getting 90% removal for both. The results involving the fractional separation system Cu2+, Zn2+ e Ni2+ were satisfactory and does not require the use of complexing agents, but the drive control of pH.